Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Viale dell'Università, 03043 Cassino, Italy.
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 4;19(7):4317. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074317.
The role of physical activity in improving overall aspects of health regardless of age is well documented. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, preventive measures to limit airborne infection have been introduced, with people, especially older adults, advised to stay at home, thus increasing sedentary lifestyle and the risk of chronic diseases. As one of the few possible ways to stay active is home-based training, this review aims to provide evidence on alternative and feasible home-based activity programs as a tool to improve the fitness level in older adults, especially when preventive measures are needed to ensure isolation and limit interpersonal contacts. During quarantine, older adults, especially those with chronic diseases, are recommended to regularly exercise. Combined balance and muscle-strengthening training has proven to be particularly useful in limiting falls and mobility limitations. In addition, the use of virtual reality systems seems to be a potential strategy in remaining physically active, reducing physical inactivity time and significantly increasing the compliance of the older adults with physical activity programs. In conclusion, home-based programs induce improvements in physical functions in general and quality of life in older people with or without co-morbidities, and it can be considered in the future as one of the feasible and economic ways to increase physical well-being. This may be of unique importance in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 enforced limitations in out-of-home activity.
体力活动在改善整体健康方面的作用，无论年龄大小，都有充分的记录。由于 2019 年冠状病毒病的爆发，已经采取了预防措施来限制空气传播感染，人们，尤其是老年人，被建议待在家里，从而增加了久坐的生活方式和慢性病的风险。由于保持活跃的少数几种方法之一是基于家庭的训练，因此本次综述旨在提供替代和可行的基于家庭的活动方案的证据，作为提高老年人健身水平的工具，尤其是在需要采取预防措施以确保隔离和限制人际接触的时候。在隔离期间，建议老年人，尤其是患有慢性病的老年人，定期进行锻炼。结合平衡和肌肉强化训练已被证明在限制跌倒和活动受限方面特别有用。此外，虚拟现实系统的使用似乎是保持身体活跃的一种潜在策略，可减少身体不活动时间，并显著提高老年人对身体活动计划的依从性。总之，基于家庭的方案可普遍改善有或没有合并症的老年人的身体功能和生活质量，可考虑将其作为未来增加身体幸福感的可行且经济的方法之一。在实施户外活动限制的 2019 年冠状病毒病背景下，这可能具有独特的重要意义。
