Bitew Adane, Zena Nuhamen, Abdeta Abera
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology, St Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Apr 6;15:1613-1624. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S358153. eCollection 2022.
Urinary tract infection is a common infection in pediatrics. Understanding the common etiology of urinary tract infections, their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated risk factors in a particular setting can provide evidence for the appropriate treatment of the cases.
The current study is aimed to determine the common etiology and prevalence of uropathogens associated with urinary tract infection, as well as the antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates, and to identify risk factors associated with urinary tract infection among pediatric patients.
The study was conducted at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College between October 2019 and July 2020. Urine was collected aseptically from patients, inoculated onto culture media, and incubated at 37 °C for 18-48 hours. Bacteria and yeast were identified following standard procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacterial pathogens was carried out by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Descriptive statistics and logistical regressions were used to estimate the crude ratio with a 95% confidence interval. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Significant bacterial/fungal growth was observed in 65 samples giving a prevalence of 28.6% of which 75.4% (49/65) and 24.6% (16/65) were bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively. About 79.6% of bacterial etiology were and . The highest resistance was observed against ampicillin (100%), cefazolin (92.1%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (84.1%), both of which are commonly used for empirical treatment in Ethiopia. Length of hospital stay (P=0.01) and catheterization (P=0.04) were statistically associated with urinary tract infection.
The high prevalence of urinary tract infection was observed in our study. Enterobacteriaceae were the major cause of urinary tract infection. Length of hospital stay and catheterization were significantly associated with urinary tract infection. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were extremely resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
尿路感染是儿科常见的感染。了解特定环境下尿路感染的常见病因、抗菌药物敏感性模式及相关危险因素可为病例的恰当治疗提供依据。
本研究旨在确定与尿路感染相关的尿路病原体的常见病因和患病率，以及细菌分离株的抗生素敏感性谱，并识别儿科患者中与尿路感染相关的危险因素。
本研究于2019年10月至2020年7月在圣保罗医院千禧医学院进行。无菌采集患者尿液，接种于培养基上，在37℃下培养18 - 48小时。按照标准程序鉴定细菌和酵母菌。采用 Kirby Bauer 纸片扩散法对细菌病原体进行抗生素敏感性试验。使用描述性统计和逻辑回归来估计粗率及95%置信区间。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
65份样本中观察到显著的细菌/真菌生长，患病率为28.6%，其中细菌病原体和真菌病原体分别占75.4%（49/65）和24.6%（16/65）。约79.6%的细菌病因是[此处原文缺失具体细菌名称]。对氨苄西林（100%）、头孢唑林（92.1%）和复方新诺明（84.1%）的耐药率最高，这两种药物在埃塞俄比亚均常用于经验性治疗。住院时间（P = 0.01）和导尿（P = 0.04）与尿路感染在统计学上相关。
本研究中观察到尿路感染的高患病率。肠杆菌科是尿路感染的主要原因。住院时间和导尿与尿路感染显著相关。革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌对氨苄西林和复方新诺明均具有极高的耐药性。
