Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Emphasis on Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, no. 1000, prédio 26F. Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-900, Brazil.
Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2022 Aug;23(4):513-525. doi: 10.1007/s40368-022-00709-7. Epub 2022 Apr 16.
We aimed to systematically evaluate whether SHS exposure is associated with poor periodontal status in individuals up to 15 years.
Seven databases were searched by two independent reviewers according to pre-specified eligibility criteria up to November 2021. The methodological quality of included studies was appraised using The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and GRADE was used for assessing the certainty of evidence. Random-effects pairwise meta-analyses compared the periodontal status of those exposed and unexposed to SHS through standardized mean differences (SMDs) and associated confidence intervals (95% CI).
Eight cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion and two present high methodological quality. All studies contributed to the meta-analysis for gingival index scores (GI) and four for probing pocket depth (PPD). Those exposed exhibited significantly higher levels of GI compared to unexposed (SMD = 1.03, 95% CI 0.17-1.89), but no difference was observed for PPD (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI - 0.14-0.82), with overall very low certainty on evidence.
Therefore, very low certainty evidence supports that children and adolescents exposed to SHS possibly present poorer periodontal status due to higher levels of GI.
我们旨在系统评估二手烟（SHS）暴露是否与 15 岁以下个体的牙周状况不良有关。
两位独立评审员根据预先设定的纳入标准，于 2021 年 11 月前在七个数据库中进行检索。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量，并使用 GRADE 评估证据的确定性。通过标准化均数差（SMD）和相关置信区间（95%CI），随机效应成对荟萃分析比较了暴露于和未暴露于 SHS 的个体的牙周状况。
八项横断面研究符合纳入标准，其中两项研究具有较高的方法学质量。所有研究均为牙龈指数（GI）评分的荟萃分析提供了数据，四项研究为探诊牙周袋深度（PPD）提供了数据。与未暴露者相比，暴露者的 GI 水平显著更高（SMD=1.03，95%CI 0.17-1.89），但 PPD 无差异（SMD=0.34，95%CI -0.14-0.82），证据总体确定性非常低。
因此，低确定性证据表明，由于 GI 水平较高，暴露于 SHS 的儿童和青少年可能存在更差的牙周状况。
