Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States of America.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Research Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Jul 1;308:130-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.068. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Suicide rates among Hispanics in the United States are much lower than rates among Whites. The reasons for this difference are uncertain, therefore we compared patient characteristics between Hispanic and White patients with a suicide attempt.
Patients with a suicide attempt (n = 8641) between 2012 and 2018 were identified by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes in a nationally distributed electronic health record data base. Patient demographics, geographic region, health services use, depression treatment, psychiatric and physical comorbidities were measured in the 2 years prior to a suicide attempt.
Most patients with a suicide attempt were White (78.6%) and 6.2% were Hispanic, a majority were 36-64 years of age and 57.3% were female. Younger age and lack of health insurance were significantly (p < .0001) more common among Hispanic compared to White patients with a suicide attempt. Depression treatment was significantly (p < .0001) less common among Hispanic vs. White patients. Sleep disorder and all psychiatric and substance use disorders, except for drug use disorder, were significantly (p-value range: 0.026-<0.0001) more prevalent in the two years before suicide attempt in White patients.
Diagnosed psychopathology is more common among White vs. Hispanic patients who attempt suicide. Lack of insurance and low depression treatment rates may be associated with suicide attempt among Hispanics. Additional research is needed to determine the mix of factors that predict suicide attempt among Whites, Hispanics, and other minorities.
美国西班牙裔的自杀率远低于白人。造成这种差异的原因尚不确定，因此我们比较了有自杀企图的西班牙裔和白人患者的患者特征。
通过 ICD-9 和 ICD-10 代码，在全国范围内分发的电子健康记录数据库中，确定了 2012 年至 2018 年间有自杀企图的患者（n=8641）。在自杀企图前的 2 年内，测量了患者的人口统计学特征、地理位置、卫生服务使用情况、抑郁治疗情况、精神和身体合并症。
大多数有自杀企图的患者为白人（78.6%），6.2%为西班牙裔，大多数年龄在 36-64 岁之间，57.3%为女性。与有自杀企图的白人患者相比，西班牙裔患者年龄较小且没有医疗保险的比例明显更高（p<0.0001）。与白人患者相比，西班牙裔患者接受抑郁治疗的比例明显更低（p<0.0001）。在自杀企图前的两年中，西班牙裔患者的睡眠障碍和所有精神疾病和物质使用障碍（除药物使用障碍外）明显更为常见（p 值范围：0.026-<0.0001）。
与有自杀企图的西班牙裔患者相比，被诊断出的精神病理学在白人患者中更为常见。缺乏保险和低抑郁治疗率可能与西班牙裔患者的自杀企图有关。需要进一步研究以确定预测白人、西班牙裔和其他少数族裔自杀企图的因素组合。
