Kobayashi Daiki, Hiono Takahiro, Ichii Osamu, Nishihara Shoko, Takase-Yoden Sayaka, Yamamoto Kazuo, Kawashima Hiroto, Isoda Norikazu, Sakoda Yoshihiro
Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.
Virus Res. 2022 Jul 2;315:198771. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198771. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulating in wild ducks are rarely transmitted directly to chickens. Previous studies demonstrated that chickens possess fucosylated and/or sulfated α2,3 sialosides on their tracheal epithelia, whereas intestinal epithelia of ducks express canonical α2,3 sialosides. Turkeys, the third major poultry species in the world, are known to show broad susceptibility to various avian influenza viruses. To elucidate the molecular basis of the broad susceptibility of turkeys to duck and chicken AIVs, we characterized various receptors for AIVs on their tissues. The experimental infection of turkeys demonstrated their dual susceptibility to duck and chicken AIVs. Further, comprehensive histochemical analyses using lectins, anti-glycan antibodies, and recombinant hemagglutinins, combined with glycosidase digestions, identified the presence of fucosylated and/or sulfated in addition to canonical α2,3 sialosides on their respiratory epithelia. The receptor distributions in turkeys were consistent with their dual susceptibility to duck and chicken AIVs. Also, our findings suggested the potential roles of turkeys in interspecies transmission of AIVs from ducks to chickens.
在野鸭中传播的禽流感病毒（AIVs）很少直接传播给鸡。先前的研究表明，鸡的气管上皮细胞具有岩藻糖基化和/或硫酸化的α2,3唾液酸，而鸭的肠道上皮细胞表达典型的α2,3唾液酸。火鸡是世界上第三大主要家禽品种，已知对多种禽流感病毒具有广泛的易感性。为了阐明火鸡对鸭和鸡AIVs广泛易感性的分子基础，我们对其组织上的各种AIV受体进行了表征。火鸡的实验性感染证明了它们对鸭和鸡AIVs的双重易感性。此外，使用凝集素、抗聚糖抗体和重组血凝素进行的综合组织化学分析，结合糖苷酶消化，确定了其呼吸道上皮细胞除了典型的α2,3唾液酸外，还存在岩藻糖基化和/或硫酸化的情况。火鸡中的受体分布与其对鸭和鸡AIVs的双重易感性一致。此外，我们的研究结果表明火鸡在AIVs从鸭到鸡的种间传播中可能发挥的作用。
