Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Neuroimage. 2022 Jul 15;255:119209. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119209. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Adverse life events can inflict substantial long-term damage, which, paradoxically, has been posited to stem from initially adaptative responses to the challenges encountered in one's environment. Thus, identification of the mechanisms linking resilience against recent stressors to longer-term psychological vulnerability is key to understanding optimal functioning across multiple timescales. To address this issue, our study tested the relevance of neuro-reproductive maturation and senescence, respectively, to both resilience and longer-term risk for pathologies characterised by accelerated brain aging, specifically, Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Graph theoretical and partial least squares analyses were conducted on multimodal imaging, reported biological aging and recent adverse experience data from the Lifespan Human Connectome Project (HCP). Availability of reproductive maturation/senescence measures restricted our investigation to adolescent (N = 178) and middle-aged (N = 146) females. Psychological resilience was linked to age-specific brain senescence patterns suggestive of precocious functional development of somatomotor and control-relevant networks (adolescence) and earlier aging of default mode and salience/ventral attention systems (middle adulthood). Biological aging showed complementary associations with the neural patterns relevant to resilience in adolescence (positive relationship) versus middle-age (negative relationship). Transcriptomic and expression quantitative trait locus data analyses linked the neural aging patterns correlated with psychological resilience in middle adulthood to gene expression patterns suggestive of increased AD risk. Our results imply a partially antagonistic relationship between resilience against proximal stressors and longer-term psychological adjustment in later life. They thus underscore the importance of fine-tuning extant views on successful coping by considering the multiple timescales across which age-specific processes may unfold.
不良生活事件会造成长期的严重损害，但矛盾的是，人们认为这种损害源于最初对环境中遇到的挑战的适应性反应。因此，确定将对近期压力源的适应能力与长期心理脆弱性联系起来的机制，是理解多个时间尺度上最佳功能的关键。为了解决这个问题，我们的研究分别测试了神经生殖成熟和衰老对韧性以及由加速大脑衰老引起的更长期病理学风险（即阿尔茨海默病（AD））的相关性。我们对来自人类连接组计划（HCP）的多模态影像、报告的生物年龄和近期不良经历数据进行了图论和偏最小二乘分析。生殖成熟/衰老测量的可用性限制了我们对青春期（N=178）和中年（N=146）女性的研究。心理韧性与年龄特异性大脑衰老模式相关，这些模式表明躯体运动和控制相关网络的功能发育过早（青春期），默认模式和突显/腹侧注意系统的衰老更早（中年）。生物衰老与与青春期（正相关）和中年（负相关）韧性相关的神经模式具有互补的关联。转录组和表达数量性状基因座数据分析将与中年心理韧性相关的神经衰老模式与提示 AD 风险增加的基因表达模式联系起来。我们的研究结果表明，对近期压力源的适应能力与晚年的长期心理调整之间存在部分对立关系。因此，它们强调了通过考虑特定年龄过程可能展开的多个时间尺度，对成功应对的现有观点进行微调的重要性。
