Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Wesleyan University, Judd Hall, 207 High Street, Middletown, CT 06459, United States.
Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Wesleyan University, Judd Hall, 207 High Street, Middletown, CT 06459, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2022 May;243:206-213. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Individuals with schizophrenia (SCZs) demonstrate social cognitive (SC) deficits across a variety of social cognitive tasks: affect recognition, social perception, Theory-of-Mind (ToM), and attributional style. These tasks all use socially-relevant words, social scenarios, clothing, faces and voices that may make their application to different cultural contexts problematic. However a paucity of research has investigated the cross-cultural validity of SC measures. We meta-analyzed the literature investigating differences in social cognitive skills SCZs and matched healthy controls (NCs) across different regions of the world using a group of expert-selected, standardized measures of social cognition. Studies of SC in SCZ using these measures published between January 1980 and August 2020 were evaluated. Data were extracted independently by 3 reviewers with excellent reliability; 156 unique studies of 10,235 SCZs and 9924 NCs across 34 countries were identified. Random effects models revealed SCZs demonstrated poorer performance in all domains of SC including emotion processing (g = -0.770), social perception (g = -0.880), ToM (g = -1.090), attributional style (hostility: g = -0.715, aggression: g = -0.209, blame: g = -0.322), as well as a measure of emotion regulation (g = -0.867). Hostile attributional style was more pronounced in European and North American samples (g = 1.054 and g = -0.605, respectively) compared to Asian samples (g = -0.284). Our results revealed that SCZs performed mildly-severely worse than HCs in all domains of SC. With the exception of hostile attributional style, the magnitude of deficits in social cognition was consistent across the globe.
精神分裂症患者（SCZ）在各种社会认知任务中表现出社会认知（SC）缺陷：情感识别、社会感知、心理理论（ToM）和归因风格。这些任务都使用与社会相关的词、社会场景、服装、面孔和声音，这可能使它们在不同的文化背景下的应用变得复杂。然而，很少有研究调查 SC 测量的跨文化有效性。我们使用一组专家选择的、标准化的社会认知测量工具，对使用这些工具的精神分裂症患者（SCZ）和匹配的健康对照组（NC）在世界不同地区的社会认知技能差异进行了元分析。评估了 1980 年 1 月至 2020 年 8 月期间发表的使用这些措施研究 SCZ 中 SC 的研究。数据由 3 位具有出色可靠性的独立审阅者提取；在 34 个国家/地区，确定了 156 项独特的研究，涉及 10235 名 SCZ 和 9924 名 NC。随机效应模型显示，SCZ 在包括情绪处理（g=-0.770）、社会感知（g=-0.880）、ToM（g=-1.090）、归因风格（敌意：g=-0.715，攻击性：g=-0.209，责备：g=-0.322）以及情绪调节（g=-0.867）在内的所有 SC 领域的表现均较差。与亚洲样本（g=-0.284）相比，欧洲和北美样本中的敌意归因风格更为明显（g=1.054 和 g=-0.605）。我们的结果表明，SCZ 在 SC 的所有领域的表现都明显劣于 HC。除了敌意归因风格外，全球范围内社会认知的缺陷程度一致。
