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一个遗传性粪卟啉病家族中的高外显率、反复发症及血栓形成

High penetrance, recurrent attacks and thrombus formation in a family with hereditary coproporphyria.

作者信息

Towns Cindy, Balakrishnan Sobana, Florkowski Chris, Davies Andrew, Barrington-Ward Elaine

机构信息

Department of General Medicine Wellington Regional Hospital Wellington New Zealand.

Department of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine University of Otago Wellington New Zealand.

出版信息

JIMD Rep. 2022 Mar 18;63(3):211-215. doi: 10.1002/jmd2.12281. eCollection 2022 May.

Abstract

Hereditary coproporphyria (HCP) is the rarest of the autosomal dominant acute porphyrias with an estimated incidence of 0.02 per 10 million per year. HCP has been considered to be mild in presentation compared with the more common acute intermittent porphyria although there is limited information comparing the subtypes. Penetrance in the acute porphyrias is low with 90% of patients with a mutation never exhibiting symptoms. We present seven members from a family with HCP with a novel mutation in whom penetrance and severity are high. In addition, they appear to have a high rate of veno-thromboembolism. Penetrance is confirmed at 57% but is suspected to be 71%. The first patient experienced life-threatening complications, four of the seven have had recurrent attacks and the development of opioid dependence has complicated management. The case series documents the impact of a new mRNA interference molecule givosiran as well as a plan for embryo selection which is not commonly used in porphyria. The use of ketamine for the treatment of acute attacks is also documented for the first time in the porphyria literature. The use of international registries would aid the characterisation and management of this very rare disease.

摘要

遗传性粪卟啉病(HCP)是常染色体显性急性卟啉病中最为罕见的一种,估计每年每1000万人中的发病率为0.02。与更常见的急性间歇性卟啉病相比,HCP的临床表现被认为较为轻微,不过关于这两种亚型对比的信息有限。急性卟啉病的外显率较低,90%携带突变的患者从未出现过症状。我们报告了来自一个患有HCP的家族的七名成员,他们带有一种新的突变,其外显率和严重程度都很高。此外,他们似乎静脉血栓栓塞的发生率很高。已证实外显率为57%,但怀疑高达71%。第一名患者经历了危及生命的并发症,七名患者中有四名反复发作,阿片类药物依赖的出现使治疗变得复杂。该病例系列记录了一种新的mRNA干扰分子givosiran的影响以及一项胚胎选择计划,这在卟啉病中并不常用。氯胺酮用于治疗急性发作在卟啉病文献中也是首次被记录。使用国际登记系统将有助于对这种极为罕见的疾病进行特征描述和管理。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/44be/8995837/ed7ebcdf9a46/JMD2-63-211-g001.jpg

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