Majdi Maryam, Imani Hossein, Bazshahi Elham, Hosseini Fatemeh, Djafarian Kurosh, Lesani Azadeh, Akbarzade Zahra, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 1;9:763345. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.763345. eCollection 2022.
Most studies on diet quality have focused on the habitual and overall intake of foods without considering intakes at specific eating occasions. This study aimed to assess the association between habitual- and meal-specific carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranian adults.
In this cross-sectional study, data from 850 participants were analyzed. Dietary information was obtained from a 3-day nonconsecutive 24 h recall. CQI was calculated from three criteria: dietary fiber, glycemic index, and solid carbohydrate/total carbohydrate ratio. The association between CQI and MetS was assessed by logistic regression.
The prevalences of MetS in the lowest and highest tertile of CQI were 30.1 and 33.7, respectively ( = 0.6). In habitual diet and all the three meals, we failed to find any significant association between tertiles of CQI and MetS either before or after adjustment for covariates. However, in the habitual meals [odds ratio (OR): 0.69, 95% CI: 0.47-0.96] and lunch meals (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47-0.94), the highest CQI in comparison to the lowest one, significantly decreased the low high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In addition, the trend of low-HDL with CQI in habitual meal and lunch meal was statistically significant.
The results of this study showed that CQI was not associated with MetS and its components. Further investigations into the mechanisms underlying the role of carbohydrate quality in developing metabolic disorders are warranted.
大多数关于饮食质量的研究都集中在食物的习惯性和总体摄入量上，而没有考虑特定用餐场合的摄入量。本研究旨在评估伊朗成年人习惯性和特定餐次的碳水化合物质量指数（CQI）与代谢综合征（MetS）之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，分析了850名参与者的数据。通过连续3天、每天24小时的非连续回忆法获取饮食信息。CQI由膳食纤维、血糖指数和固体碳水化合物/总碳水化合物比例这三个标准计算得出。通过逻辑回归评估CQI与MetS之间的关联。
CQI最低和最高三分位数组中代谢综合征的患病率分别为30.1%和33.7%（P = 0.6）。在习惯性饮食和所有三餐中，无论是否对协变量进行调整，我们均未发现CQI三分位数与代谢综合征之间存在任何显著关联。然而，在习惯性餐次中[比值比（OR）：0.69，95%置信区间（CI）：0.47 - 0.96]以及午餐餐次中（OR：0.66；95% CI：0.47 - 0.94），与最低CQI相比，最高CQI显著降低了低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平。此外，习惯性餐次和午餐餐次中低HDL水平随CQI的变化趋势具有统计学意义。
本研究结果表明，CQI与代谢综合征及其组分无关。有必要进一步研究碳水化合物质量在代谢紊乱发生过程中作用的潜在机制。
