Das Ritwik, Luczak Artur
Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
AIMS Neurosci. 2022 Mar 7;9(1):114-127. doi: 10.3934/Neuroscience.2022007. eCollection 2022.
Epileptogenesis is a complex and not well understood phenomenon. Here, we explore the hypothesis that epileptogenesis could be "hijacking" normal memory processes, and how this hypothesis may provide new directions for epilepsy treatment. First, we review similarities between the hypersynchronous circuits observed in epilepsy and memory consolidation processes involved in strengthening neuronal connections. Next, we describe the kindling model of seizures and its relation to long-term potentiation model of synaptic plasticity. We also examine how the strengthening of epileptic circuits is facilitated during the physiological slow wave sleep, similarly as episodic memories. Furthermore, we present studies showing that specific memories can directly trigger reflex seizures. The neuronal hypersynchrony in early stages of Alzheimer's disease, and the use of anti-epileptic drugs to improve the cognitive symptoms in this disease also suggests a connection between memory systems and epilepsy. Given the commonalities between memory processes and epilepsy, we propose that therapies for memory disorders might provide new avenues for treatment of epileptic patients.
癫痫发生是一种复杂且尚未被充分理解的现象。在此，我们探讨癫痫发生可能正在“劫持”正常记忆过程这一假说，以及该假说如何为癫痫治疗提供新方向。首先，我们回顾癫痫中观察到的超同步电路与参与强化神经元连接的记忆巩固过程之间的相似性。接下来，我们描述癫痫发作的点燃模型及其与突触可塑性的长期增强模型的关系。我们还研究了在生理慢波睡眠期间癫痫回路的强化是如何像情景记忆一样被促进的。此外，我们展示了表明特定记忆可直接触发反射性癫痫发作的研究。阿尔茨海默病早期的神经元超同步，以及使用抗癫痫药物改善该疾病的认知症状，也表明了记忆系统与癫痫之间的联系。鉴于记忆过程与癫痫之间的共性，我们提出针对记忆障碍的疗法可能为癫痫患者的治疗提供新途径。
