Ma Jianhui, Qi Siyuan, Yuan Meng, Zhao Dongyang, Zhang Daijing, Feng Jinyuan, Wang Jianing, Li Wei, Song Chengxiang, Wang Tianlin, Zeng Qingdong, Wu Jianhui, Han Dejun, Jiang Lina
College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Food Funct. 2022 May 10;13(9):5177-5188. doi: 10.1039/d1fo04173h.
As an essential microelement, copper plays a crucial role in the human body. However, the grains of bread wheat, a major crop food, contain a low copper content. Here, a diversity panel of 443 wheat accessions cultivated in four environments was used to analyse grain copper content by ICAP-7000, and the genetic variation in grain copper content was examined using a 660 K single nucleotide polymorphism chip. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the grain copper content varied between 2.58 mg kg and 13.65 mg kg. A genome-wide association study identified 12 QTLs associated with grain copper content that showed significance in at least two environments on chromosomes 1A, 1D, 3D, 4A, 5A, 5D, 6B, 6D, 7A and 7D. Through haplotype analysis, the phenotypic difference between the haplotypes of three genes, , and , showed significance ( ⩽ 0.05) in four environments. They were considered to be important candidate genes for grain copper content in wheat. In addition, we detected that the grain copper content gradually decreased with release years among wheat accessions in China, and the percentage of favourable alleles showed a similar trend. Analysing the changes in grain copper content with yield factors, we found that the dilute effect was mainly caused by thousand kernel weight. This study provides useful information on the genetic basis for grain copper content, and thus helps in improving the wheat grain quality.
作为一种必需的微量元素，铜在人体中起着至关重要的作用。然而，主要粮食作物面包小麦的籽粒铜含量较低。在此，利用在四种环境下种植的443份小麦种质资源组成的多样性群体，通过ICAP - 7000分析籽粒铜含量，并使用660K单核苷酸多态性芯片检测籽粒铜含量的遗传变异。表型分析表明，籽粒铜含量在2.58 mg/kg至13.65 mg/kg之间变化。全基因组关联研究在1A、1D、3D、4A、5A、5D、6B、6D、7A和7D染色体上鉴定出12个与籽粒铜含量相关的QTL，这些QTL在至少两种环境中表现出显著性。通过单倍型分析，三个基因（此处原文未给出基因具体名称）的单倍型之间的表型差异在四种环境中均具有显著性（P⩽0.05）。它们被认为是小麦籽粒铜含量的重要候选基因。此外，我们检测到中国小麦种质资源中籽粒铜含量随发布年份逐渐降低，有利等位基因的百分比也呈现类似趋势。分析籽粒铜含量与产量因子的变化，我们发现稀释效应主要由千粒重引起。本研究为籽粒铜含量的遗传基础提供了有用信息，从而有助于改善小麦籽粒品质。
