Sithole Prosperity A, Motshabi-Chakane Palesa, Muteba Michel K
Department of Anaesthesiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Apr 19;22(1):214. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03267-5.
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the commonest congenital anomalies of the head and neck. Their aetiology is multifactorial, and prevalence has a geographical variation. This study sought to describe OFC cases that presented for surgery.
The study aimed to describe the preoperative characteristics, concomitant congenital anomalies and perioperative outcomes of children presenting for cleft repair surgery over a 5-year period at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH).
A retrospective descriptive record review for children under the age of 14 years who presented for cleft repair surgery at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) during a 5-year period, from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to report the results.
A total of 175 records were included in the study. The median (IQR) age was 11 (6-27) months, with a predominance of males 98 (56%). Most of the children had cleft lip and palate (CLP) 71(41%). The prevalence of concomitant congenital anomalies was 22%, emanating mostly from head and neck congenital anomalies. Nine syndromes were identified in 15 children with syndromic clefts. Twenty-nine percent of children were underweight for age. There were 25 anaesthetic related complications, commonly airway related. Six children with complex multiple congenital anomalies were admitted in the intensive care unit postoperatively. No mortalities were recorded.
Majority of children with orofacial clefts underwent cleft repair surgery without serious complications and intensive care unit admission. Only six children were diagnosed with significant anomalies needing intensive care management.
口腔颌面部裂隙（OFCs）是头颈部最常见的先天性畸形。其病因是多因素的，且患病率存在地域差异。本研究旨在描述接受手术治疗的OFCs病例。
本研究旨在描述在夏洛特·马克西克·约翰内斯堡学术医院（CMJAH）接受腭裂修复手术的儿童在5年期间的术前特征、合并的先天性畸形及围手术期结局。
对2014年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间在夏洛特·马克西克·约翰内斯堡学术医院（CMJAH）接受腭裂修复手术的14岁以下儿童进行回顾性描述性记录审查。采用描述性和比较性统计方法报告结果。
本研究共纳入175份记录。中位（IQR）年龄为11（6 - 27）个月，男性占多数，为98例（56%）。大多数儿童患有唇腭裂（CLP），共71例（41%）。合并先天性畸形的患病率为22%，主要源于头颈部先天性畸形。在15例综合征性腭裂患儿中识别出9种综合征。29%的儿童年龄别体重偏低。有25例麻醉相关并发症，常见于气道相关并发症。6例患有复杂多发先天性畸形的儿童术后入住重症监护病房。无死亡病例记录。
大多数口腔颌面部裂隙患儿接受腭裂修复手术时无严重并发症，无需入住重症监护病房。只有6例儿童被诊断为需要重症监护管理的严重畸形。
