Kawalec Agata, Nelke Kamil, Pawlas Krystyna, Gerber Hanna
Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Department of Hygiene, Silesian Piast's Medical University, Poland.
Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Silesian Piast's Medical University, Poland.
Open Med (Wars). 2015 Feb 5;10(1):163-175. doi: 10.1515/med-2015-0027. eCollection 2015.
Clefts that occur in children are a special topic. Avoiding risk factors, and also an early diagnosis of cleft possibility can result in minimizing or avoiding them. If on the other hand when clefts occur they require a long-term, multistage specialized treatment. Etiology of clefts seems to be related to many factors. Factors such as genetic, environmental, geographic and even race factors are important. Identification of risk factors can lead to prevention and prophylactic behaviors in order to minimize its occurrence. Exposure to environmental factors at home and work that lead to cleft predisposition should not be disregarded. It seems that before planning a family it would be wise to consult with doctors of different specializations, especially in high-risk families with cleft history in order to analyze previous lifestyle. Clefts are very common in hereditary facial malformations and are causing a lot of other irregularities in the head and neck region. In this paper after a brief papers review authors present socio-geographic, environmental and also work place related factors that are influencing pregnant women condition and should be taken under serious consideration.
儿童出现的腭裂是一个特殊的话题。避免风险因素以及早期诊断腭裂发生的可能性可将其影响降至最低或避免其发生。另一方面，如果出现腭裂，则需要长期、多阶段的专业治疗。腭裂的病因似乎与许多因素有关。诸如遗传、环境、地理甚至种族等因素都很重要。识别风险因素可促成预防和预防行为，以尽量减少其发生。在家中和工作场所接触导致腭裂易感性的环境因素不容忽视。在计划要孩子之前，咨询不同专业的医生似乎是明智的，特别是对于有腭裂家族史的高风险家庭，以便分析以前的生活方式。腭裂在遗传性面部畸形中非常常见，并且会导致头颈部区域出现许多其他异常情况。在本文中，作者在简要回顾相关文献后，介绍了影响孕妇状况且应予以认真考虑的社会地理、环境以及工作场所相关因素。
