Antequera-Vique José A, Oliva-Lozano José M, Muyor José M
Health Research Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics (KIBIOMER Lab). University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Sports Biomech. 2023 Apr;22(4):567-596. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2058990. Epub 2022 Apr 19.
The aim was to know if cycling affects spinal morphology in postures off the bicycle, such as adapting the spinal curvatures on the bicycle depending on the handlebar type and position on the handlebars. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The studies selected met the following criteria: a) the study design was cross-sectional or longitudinal (experimental or cohorts); b) the study evaluated the sagittal morphology of the spine on the bicycle; c) the study included healthy and trained participants without injuries or cyclists reporting low back pain. Fifteen studies reported that a greater pelvic tilt was observed that when the handlebar was in a lower position. Sixteen studies found that lumbar kyphosis was greater when the handlebar grip was lower and farther from the saddle. Twelve studies reported that a tendency towards greater thoracic flexion as the time spent pedalling on the bicycle increased. In conclusion, the practice of cycling produces adaptations in the morphology of the spine of the cyclist compared to non-cyclists, such as an increase in pelvic tilt and a greater capacity for lumbar flexion in trunk flexion positions, and a greater thoracic kyphosis in the standing position.
目的是了解骑行是否会影响骑行者在离开自行车时的脊柱形态，例如根据车把类型和在车把上的位置来调整骑行时的脊柱曲度。按照PRISMA指南进行了一项系统综述。所选研究符合以下标准：a）研究设计为横断面或纵向研究（实验性或队列研究）；b）研究评估了骑行时脊柱的矢状面形态；c）研究纳入了无损伤的健康且训练有素的参与者或报告有下背痛的骑行者。十五项研究报告称，当车把处于较低位置时，观察到骨盆倾斜度更大。十六项研究发现，当车把握持位置较低且离车座较远时，腰椎后凸更大。十二项研究报告称，随着在自行车上踩踏时间的增加，有胸椎前屈增加的趋势。总之，与非骑行者相比，骑行活动会使骑行者的脊柱形态产生适应性变化，例如骨盆倾斜增加、在躯干前屈位置时腰椎前屈能力增强以及站立位时胸椎后凸更大。
