老年人对社区和机构养老的意愿：中国浙江的一项横断面研究。
Willingness for community-based and institutional eldercare among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China.
作者信息
Wang Hao, Guan Yunqi, Hu Ruying, Bragg Fiona, Yu Min, Zhong Jieming
机构信息
Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Nuffield Department of Population Health, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 19;12(4):e055426. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055426.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the proportion of willingness for community-based and institutional care and their correlating factors among older adults in Zhejiang Province, China.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
The Sixth National Health Service Survey, carried out in Zhejiang, China.
PARTICIPANTS
7300 eligible older adults aged 60 years or older.
MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES
Willingness for community-based and institutional eldercare.
RESULTS
The average age of the participants was 69.0±7.3 years. 50.9% of the participants were males, and 49.1% were females. 19.2% came from urban areas and 80.8% were from rural areas. The percentage of willingness for community-based and institutional eldercare was 2.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The corresponding figures for females were 2.9% and 3.5%, respectively, and for males were 2.5% and 4.1%, respectively. Factors positively associated with willingness for community-based eldercare included living in urban areas, high educational attainment, more frequent active exercise and living alone. Factors positively associated with willingness for institutional eldercare included age, living at urban areas, high education attainment, more frequent active exercise and receiving assistance with daily living.
CONCLUSIONS
Family eldercare was the priority for older adults compared with community-based and institutional eldercare in Zhejiang. The willingness for community-based and institutional eldercare among older adults was affected not only by the older adults themselves, but also by community and family members.
目的
调查中国浙江省老年人对社区养老和机构养老的意愿比例及其相关因素。
设计
横断面研究。
地点
在中国浙江省开展的第六次国家卫生服务调查。
参与者
7300名年龄在60岁及以上的符合条件的老年人。
主要观察指标
对社区养老和机构养老的意愿。
结果
参与者的平均年龄为69.0±7.3岁。50.9%的参与者为男性，49.1%为女性。19.2%来自城市地区，80.8%来自农村地区。对社区养老和机构养老的意愿百分比分别为2.7%和3.8%。女性的相应数字分别为2.9%和3.5%，男性分别为2.5%和4.1%。与社区养老意愿呈正相关的因素包括居住在城市地区、高学历、更频繁地进行体育锻炼和独居。与机构养老意愿呈正相关的因素包括年龄、居住在城市地区、高学历、更频繁地进行体育锻炼和接受日常生活照料。
结论
与社区养老和机构养老相比，家庭养老是浙江省老年人的首要选择。老年人对社区养老和机构养老的意愿不仅受到老年人自身的影响，还受到社区和家庭成员的影响。
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