Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, Dental School, Department of Dentistry, Campina Grande, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Dental School, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2022 Apr 15;36:e046. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0046. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and possible sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. The study hypothesis was that sleep disturbances influenced a higher occurrence of bruxism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was conducted at two time points: in person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), and online during the pandemic (T2). The sample comprised 105 children. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, the use of electronic devices, reported (vs. clinical) SB, and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) at both T1 and T2. McNemar's and Wilcoxon's tests were used to compare SB and sleep disorders at both time points. Poisson regression analysis determined the relative risk (RR) among the variables, and the incidence of possible SB (p≤0.05). The comparison of the two time points (T1 and T2) revealed a significant increase in possible SB (p<0.01) and sleep disorders (p < 0.04). Children whose parents had a lower schooling level (RR: 2.67; 95%CI: 1.19-6.01), those with their own electronic devices (RR: 1.97; 95%CI: 1.09-2.50), and those with sleep disorders during the pandemic (RR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.35-2.24) were at greater risk of developing SB during the pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of bruxism and sleep disorders was greater during the pandemic. The factors influencing SB incidence during the pandemic were a lower level of mothers' schooling, greater access to electronic devices, and the occurrence of sleep disorders.
本研究旨在确定 COVID-19 大流行对 8 至 10 岁儿童睡眠质量和可能的睡眠磨牙症 (SB) 的影响。研究假设是睡眠障碍会影响 COVID-19 大流行期间磨牙症的更高发生率。这项纵向研究在两个时间点进行：大流行前的面对面 (T1) 和大流行期间的在线 (T2)。样本包括 105 名儿童。父母/照顾者在 T1 和 T2 时回答了一份问卷，内容涉及社会人口统计学特征、电子设备的使用、报告的 (vs. 临床的) SB 和儿童睡眠障碍量表 (SDSC)。使用 McNemar 和 Wilcoxon 检验比较两个时间点的 SB 和睡眠障碍。泊松回归分析确定了变量之间的相对风险 (RR)，以及可能的 SB 的发生率 (p≤0.05)。对两个时间点 (T1 和 T2) 的比较显示，可能的 SB (p<0.01) 和睡眠障碍 (p < 0.04) 显著增加。父母受教育程度较低的儿童 (RR：2.67；95%CI：1.19-6.01)、拥有自己电子设备的儿童 (RR：1.97；95%CI：1.09-2.50) 和在大流行期间出现睡眠障碍的儿童 (RR：1.74；95%CI：1.35-2.24) 患 SB 的风险更高。此外，大流行期间磨牙症和睡眠障碍的发生率更高。影响大流行期间 SB 发生率的因素是母亲受教育程度较低、更多地使用电子设备以及出现睡眠障碍。
