Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir Ekonomi University Medical Park Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Apr;26(7):2388-2394. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202204_28470.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of vitamin D and melatonin on the ocular tissues in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.
In this study, a total of 45 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: 1) non-diabetic rats (control group); 2) untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats; 3) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with vitamin D; 4) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with melatonin; 5) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with the combination of vitamin D and melatonin. After six weeks of treatment, all rats were sacrificed for post-mortem analyses. Retinal and corneal samples were obtained and analyzed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. Retinal and corneal thicknesses in addition to morphological changes were assessed via hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Untreated diabetic rats revealed retinal disorganization, atrophy, increased vascularization along with more GFAP staining. However, all the treated groups exhibited more regular retinal layers and minimal GFAP staining. Additionally, treatment groups showed more uniform corneal layers with minimal GFAP staining.
Melatonin and vitamin D could be used as an additional complementary treatment in diabetes. Developing treatment protocols involving supplementation, as well as informing patients about the potential benefits of vitamin D and melatonin could be impactful in the treatment process of diabetes.
本研究旨在探讨维生素 D 和褪黑素对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病眼组织的作用。
本研究共将 45 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为五组：1）非糖尿病大鼠（对照组）；2）未治疗的 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠；3）用维生素 D 治疗的 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠；4）用褪黑素治疗的 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠；5）用维生素 D 和褪黑素联合治疗的 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠。治疗 6 周后，所有大鼠均进行安乐死以进行尸检。获取视网膜和角膜样本，并分析神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的表达。通过苏木精和伊红染色评估视网膜和角膜厚度以及形态变化。
未经治疗的糖尿病大鼠表现出视网膜组织紊乱、萎缩、血管增生以及更多的 GFAP 染色。然而，所有治疗组均显示出更规则的视网膜层和最小的 GFAP 染色。此外，治疗组显示出更均匀的角膜层和最小的 GFAP 染色。
褪黑素和维生素 D 可作为糖尿病的附加补充治疗方法。制定涉及补充的治疗方案，并告知患者维生素 D 和褪黑素的潜在益处，可能对糖尿病的治疗过程产生影响。
