IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2022;30:1113-1119. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2022.3168829. Epub 2022 May 3.
Keeping patients from being distracted while performing motor rehabilitation is important. An EEG-based biofeedback strategy has been introduced to help encourage participants to focus their attention on rehabilitation tasks. Here, we suggest a BCI-based monitoring method using a flickering cursor and target that can evoke a steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) using the fact that the SSVEP is modulated by a patient's attention. Fifteen healthy individuals performed a tracking task where the target and cursor flickered. There were two tracking sessions, one with and one without flickering stimuli, and each session had four conditions in which each had no distractor (non-D), a visual (vis-D) or cognitive distractor (cog-D), and both distractors (both-D). An EEGNet was trained as a classifier using only non-D and both-D conditions to classify whether it was distracted and validated with a leave-one-subject-out scheme. The results reveal that the proposed classifier demonstrates superior performance when using data from the task with the flickering stimuli compared to the case without the flickering stimuli. Furthermore, the observed classification likelihood was between those corresponding to the non-D and both-D when using the trained EEGNet. This suggests that the classifier trained for the two conditions could also be used to measure the level of distraction by windowing and averaging the outcomes. Therefore, the proposed method is advantageous because it can reveal a robust and continuous level of patient distraction. This facilitates its successful application to the rehabilitation systems that use computerized technology, such as virtual reality to encourage patient engagement.
在进行运动康复时,让患者保持专注非常重要。基于脑电图的生物反馈策略已被引入,以帮助鼓励参与者将注意力集中在康复任务上。在这里,我们提出了一种基于脑机接口的监测方法,使用闪烁的光标和目标,可以利用 SSVEP 会被患者注意力调制这一事实来诱发稳态视觉诱发电位 (SSVEP)。十五名健康个体执行了一个带有闪烁目标和光标跟踪任务。该任务有两个跟踪会话,一个带有闪烁刺激,一个没有,每个会话有四个条件,分别为无干扰(非-D)、视觉干扰(vis-D)、认知干扰(cog-D)和两者都有(both-D)。使用仅非-D 和 both-D 条件的 EEGNet 作为分类器进行训练,以分类是否分心,并使用留一受试者外方案进行验证。结果表明,与没有闪烁刺激的情况相比,当使用带有闪烁刺激的任务数据时,所提出的分类器具有更好的性能。此外,当使用经过训练的 EEGNet 时,观察到的分类可能性介于非-D 和 both-D 之间。这表明,针对两种情况训练的分类器也可以用于通过窗口和平均结果来测量干扰水平。因此,该方法具有优势,因为它可以揭示出患者稳定且连续的分心程度。这有利于将其成功应用于使用计算机技术的康复系统,例如虚拟现实,以鼓励患者参与。
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2022
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