Translational Neuropathology Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Adelaide Spinal Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
J Neurosci Res. 2022 Jul;100(7):1413-1421. doi: 10.1002/jnr.25049. Epub 2022 Apr 20.
Pathological outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), including diffuse axonal injury, are influenced by the direction, magnitude, and duration of head acceleration during the injury exposure. Ovine models have been used to study injury mechanics and pathological outcomes of TBI. To accurately describe the kinematics of the head during an injury exposure, and better facilitate comparison with human head kinematics, anatomical coordinate systems (ACS) with an origin at the head or brain center of mass (CoM), and axes that align with the ovine Frankfort plane equivalent, are required. The aim of this study was to determine the mass properties of the sheep head and brain, and define an ACS for the head and brain, using anatomical landmarks on the skull with the aforementioned origins and orientation. Three-dimensional models of 10 merino sheep heads were constructed from computed tomography images, and the coordinates of the head and brain CoMs, relative to a previously reported sheep head coordinate system (ACS ), were determined using the Hounsfield unit-mass density relationship. The ACS origin was 34.8 ± 3.1 mm posterosuperior of the head CoM and 43.7 ± 1.7 anteroinferior of the brain CoM. Prominent internal anatomical landmarks were then used to define a new ACS (ACS ) with axes aligned with the Frankfort plane equivalent and an origin 10.4 ± 3.2 mm from the head CoM. The CoM and ACS defined in this study will increase the potential for comparison of head kinematics between ovine models and humans, in the context of TBI.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的病理结果，包括弥漫性轴索损伤，受损伤暴露过程中头部加速度的方向、大小和持续时间的影响。绵羊模型已被用于研究 TBI 的损伤机制和病理结果。为了准确描述损伤暴露过程中头部的运动学，并更好地与人类头部运动学进行比较，需要使用以头部或脑质心（CoM）为原点、与绵羊法兰克福平面等效的轴对齐的解剖坐标系（ACS）。本研究的目的是确定绵羊头部和大脑的质量特性，并使用颅骨上的解剖学标志定义头部和大脑的 ACS，原点和方向如上所述。使用先前报道的绵羊头部坐标系（ACS），通过 CT 图像构建了 10 只美利奴羊头部的三维模型，并使用亨氏单位质量密度关系确定了头部和大脑 CoM 相对于 ACS 的坐标。ACS 原点位于头部 CoM 后上方 34.8±3.1mm，大脑 CoM 前下方 43.7±1.7mm。然后，使用突出的内部解剖学标志定义了一个新的 ACS（ACS），其轴与法兰克福平面等效对齐，原点距离头部 CoM 10.4±3.2mm。本研究中定义的 CoM 和 ACS 将增加在 TBI 背景下比较绵羊模型和人类头部运动学的潜力。
