Wang Jiaqi, Lv Shuaishuai, Zhou Yutian, Sun Yan, Zhu Huichen, Yan Guochao, Wu Yan, Ma Yuxia
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
Br J Nutr. 2023 Jan 28;129(2):324-335. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522001076. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Epidemiological studies on the association between the low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and CVD risk factors have limited and inconsistent results. Data are from the baseline survey of Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases. A total of 4609 adults aged ≥ 18 years were included in the study. Dietary data were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate relationships of three LCD scores with low HDL-cholesterol, high LDL-cholesterol, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriacylglycerolaemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), high blood pressure and hyperuricaemia after adjusting for potential confounders. A higher LCD score was negatively associated with low HDL-cholesterol (OR: 0·65 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·83), = 0·0001) and IFG (OR: 0·65 (95 % CI 0·51, 0·81), = 0·001) after the final adjustment. However, there are sex differences in this result. Males in the highest quintile of the animal-based or plant-based LCD scores showed a decreased risk of low HDL-cholesterol, and females in the highest quintile of the animal-based or plant-based LCD scores showed a decreased risk of IFG than those in the lowest quintile of the LCD scores. These results suggest that sex differences should be considered when using LCD to treat dyslipidaemia and reduce fasting blood glucose.
关于低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）评分与心血管疾病风险因素之间关联的流行病学研究结果有限且不一致。数据来自基于社区的神经系统疾病队列研究的基线调查。该研究共纳入了4609名年龄≥18岁的成年人。饮食数据通过经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用多变量逻辑回归分析来估计三种LCD评分与低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、空腹血糖受损（IFG）、高血压和高尿酸血症之间的关系。最终调整后，较高的LCD评分与低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（比值比：0·65（95%置信区间0·50，0·83），P = 0·0001）和IFG（比值比：0·65（95%置信区间0·51，0·81），P = 0·001）呈负相关。然而，这一结果存在性别差异。动物性或植物性LCD评分最高五分位数的男性患低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的风险降低，动物性或植物性LCD评分最高五分位数的女性患IFG的风险比LCD评分最低五分位数的女性降低。这些结果表明，在使用LCD治疗血脂异常和降低空腹血糖时应考虑性别差异。
