J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 Dec;119(12):2041-2054. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.05.011. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
The traditional Korean diet is relatively high in carbohydrate and low in fat and protein compared with diets of non-Asian populations. In recent decades, the rapid economic growth in Korea has led to lifestyle and dietary changes, with an increase in the prevalence of dyslipidemia, a risk factor for chronic diseases.
To examine the association between a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and dyslipidemia in Korean adults.
The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is an ongoing nationally representative population-based cross-sectional survey that is conducted annually.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: A total of 12,199 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants aged ≥20 years from 2010 to 2016 were included in this study.
Individual components of dyslipidemia, such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, were defined based on fasting blood test results.
Participants were classified by sex into quintiles of LCD scores calculated using 1-day 24-hour dietary recall data. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the association between LCD score and each dyslipidemia component after adjusting for potential confounders.
A higher LCD score was significantly associated with higher odds of hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio 1.36, 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.78; P for trend=0.031) and lower odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (odds ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.94; P for trend=0.002) in women. However, in men, higher LCD scores were significantly associated with lower odds of hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.95; P for trend=0.012). More specifically, animal-based LCD scores were negatively associated with the odds of hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.87; P for trend=0.010) in men.
These results suggest that the complicated and integrated effects of macronutrient composition on individual lipid components should be considered for preventing dyslipidemia in Korean adults.
与非亚洲人群的饮食相比，传统的韩国饮食中碳水化合物相对较高，脂肪和蛋白质含量较低。近几十年来，韩国经济的快速增长导致了生活方式和饮食的改变，血脂异常的患病率也有所上升，而血脂异常是慢性病的一个危险因素。
探讨低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）评分与韩国成年人血脂异常之间的关系。
韩国国家健康和营养检查调查是一项正在进行的全国代表性的基于人群的横断面调查，每年进行一次。
参与者/设置：本研究纳入了 2010 年至 2016 年期间年龄≥20 岁的 12199 名韩国国家健康和营养检查调查参与者。
根据空腹血检结果，将血脂异常的各个组成部分，如高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平定义为。
根据 1 天 24 小时膳食回顾数据计算的 LCD 评分，将参与者按性别分为五分位数。调整潜在混杂因素后，采用多变量逻辑回归模型检验 LCD 评分与各血脂异常成分之间的关系。
女性中，较高的 LCD 评分与更高的高胆固醇血症几率（比值比 1.36，95%置信区间，1.05 至 1.78；趋势 P 值=0.031）和更低的低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平几率（比值比 0.72，95%置信区间，0.55 至 0.94；趋势 P 值=0.002）显著相关。然而，在男性中，较高的 LCD 评分与较低的高甘油三酯血症几率显著相关（比值比 0.70，95%置信区间，0.52 至 0.95；趋势 P 值=0.012）。具体来说，在男性中，动物源性 LCD 评分与高甘油三酯血症的几率呈负相关（比值比 0.65，95%置信区间，0.48 至 0.87；趋势 P 值=0.010）。
这些结果表明，在预防韩国成年人血脂异常时，应考虑宏量营养素组成对个体脂质成分的复杂综合影响。
