Durand Jorge, Massey Douglas S
University of Guadalajara.
Princeton University.
Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2019 Jul;684(1):21-42. doi: 10.1177/0002716219857667. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
Since 1987 the Mexican Migration Project has collected and disseminated representative survey data on documented and undocumented migration to the United States. The MMP currently includes surveys of 161 communities, which together contain data on 27,113 households and 169,945 individuals, 26,446 of whom have U.S. migratory experience. These data are here used to trace the evolution of the Mexico-U.S. migration system from the late 19 to the early 21 century, revealing how shifts in U.S. immigration and border policies have been critical to the formation of different eras of migration characterized by distinctive patterns of migration, settlement, and return in different legal statuses. The present era is characterized by the repression of the large population of undocumented migrants and their U.S. citizen children by an ongoing regime of mass detention and deportation and the simultaneous recruitment of Mexican workers for exploitation on short term temporary visas. The future of Mexican migration to the United States will be revealed by subsequent waves of data collection by the Mexican Migration Project.
自1987年以来，墨西哥移民项目一直在收集和传播有关有证件和无证件移民到美国情况的代表性调查数据。墨西哥移民项目目前涵盖对161个社区的调查，这些社区的数据总共涉及27113户家庭和169945个人，其中26446人有在美国迁移的经历。这里利用这些数据追溯从19世纪末到21世纪初墨西哥与美国移民体系的演变，揭示美国移民和边境政策的变化如何对不同移民时代的形成至关重要，这些时代的特点是不同法律身份下独特的移民、定居和返回模式。当前时代的特点是，通过持续的大规模拘留和驱逐制度来压制大量无证件移民及其美国公民子女，同时通过短期临时签证招募墨西哥工人以供剥削。墨西哥移民项目后续的数据收集浪潮将揭示墨西哥向美国移民的未来情况。
