Menza Mesfin
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2022 Apr 13;14:155-165. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S358351. eCollection 2022.
Adverse drug reactions are a major global public health concern and an important cause of hospitalization, discontinuation of the drug, morbidity and mortality. Even though the prevalence in Ethiopia was declining at a moderate rate, still, far too many people are suffering and dying unnecessarily due to adverse drug reactions.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of adverse drug reaction and its predictors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy.
A retrospective follow-up study was conducted at Nigist Elleni Mohamed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Data were extracted from patients' medical records. The Weibull model with gamma frailty distribution was fitted. Statistical significance was employed at a 5% level of significance and adjusted hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval was used.
Out of the total 376 participants followed for 1988 person years of observations, 96 developed adverse reaction with the incidence rate of 4.820/100 per (95%CI: 4.102-5.317). The univariate frailty was statistically significant (theta=0.306, 95%CI: 0.102-0.521). Baseline CD4 count (AHR: 0.997, 95%CI: 0996-0.998), fair adherence (AHR: 2.358, 95%CI: 1.133-4.904), poor adherence (AHR: 3.069, 95%CI: 1.730-5.445), HIV/TB coinfection (AHR: 2.069, 95%CI: 1.115-3.843), WHO stage II (3.128, 95%CI: 1.414-6.916), WHO stage III (AHR: 2.709, 95%CI: 1.048-7.025) and WHO stage IV (1.516, 10.352) were associated with the incidence adverse reaction.
Most of the ADR cases occurred within two years after initiation of ART. Advanced clinical stage, TB coinfection, CD4 count, and poor adherence were predictors of ADRs. Continuous counseling for clients in advanced clinical stage and patients with TB coinfection need to get close follow-up to prevent the associated ADRs by the concerned parties.
药物不良反应是全球主要的公共卫生问题，也是住院、停药、发病和死亡的重要原因。尽管埃塞俄比亚的药物不良反应患病率正以适度的速度下降，但仍有太多人因药物不良反应而遭受不必要的痛苦甚至死亡。
本研究旨在确定接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的成年患者中药物不良反应的发生率及其预测因素。
在埃塞俄比亚南部的尼吉斯特·埃莱尼·穆罕默德纪念综合专科医院进行了一项回顾性随访研究。数据从患者的病历中提取。采用具有伽马脆弱性分布的威布尔模型进行拟合。统计学显著性设定为5%的显著性水平，并使用调整后的风险比及95%置信区间。
在总共376名参与者中，随访了1988人年的观察期，其中96人出现不良反应，发病率为4.820/100人年（95%置信区间：4.102 - 5.317）。单变量脆弱性具有统计学显著性（θ = 0.306，95%置信区间：0.102 - 0.521）。基线CD4细胞计数（调整后风险比：0.997，95%置信区间：0.996 - 0.998）、依从性一般（调整后风险比：2.358，95%置信区间：1.133 - 4.904）、依从性差（调整后风险比：
