Aghaei Mohammad, Hassani Abbas, Nazemiyeh Hosein, Mandoulkani Babak Abdollahi, Saadatian Mohammad
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Microtechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2022 Apr 21;20(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s43141-022-00337-0.
Salicornia is a halophyte plant capable of being irrigated with seawater, which can be used as an alternative food. Given this, it is necessary to study the potentials of this plant's morphological diversity in the natural environment. In this study, 33 wild populations of Salicornia were collected from different geographical areas around Urmia Lake during the flowering stage, and 55 morphological traits and 25 ISSR loci of the plant were analyzed. Based on morphological and molecular traits and the cluster analysis, Salicornia populations were divided into four and two groups, respectively.
Overall, the high percentage of polymorphic loci (65.69%), the average number of effective alleles per locus (1.63), and the Shannon data index (0.540) indicate that ISSR markers was used to identify genetic diversity. Molecular data cluster analysis divided the studied populations into two main groups, which included 12.12% and 87.88% of the populations, respectively. Based on the effective analysis of the population's genetic structure and the precise classification of individuals into suitable sub-populations, the value of K=2 was calculated.
The research findings indicated that the populations of Salicornia have a considerable diversity in morphological traits. Furthermore, markers UBC823, B, A7, and K, as well as markers with the Shannon index, effective allele, and large heterozygosis values, are the most effective markers in comparison with other markers used in this study. The findings of this study will aid in parental selection studies for breeding programs of Salicornia in future.
盐角草是一种能够用海水灌溉的盐生植物，可作为替代食物。鉴于此，有必要研究这种植物在自然环境中形态多样性的潜力。在本研究中，在花期从乌尔米耶湖周边不同地理区域收集了33个盐角草野生种群，并对该植物的55个形态性状和25个ISSR位点进行了分析。基于形态和分子性状以及聚类分析，盐角草种群分别被分为四组和两组。
总体而言，多态位点的高比例（65.69%）、每个位点的平均有效等位基因数（1.63）以及香农数据指数（0.540）表明，ISSR标记可用于识别遗传多样性。分子数据聚类分析将研究的种群分为两个主要组，分别包括12.12%和87.88%的种群。基于对种群遗传结构的有效分析以及将个体精确分类到合适的亚种群中，计算出K=2的值。
研究结果表明，盐角草种群在形态性状上具有相当大的多样性。此外，与本研究中使用的其他标记相比，标记UBC823、B、A7和K以及具有香农指数、有效等位基因和大杂合度值的标记是最有效的标记。本研究的结果将有助于未来盐角草育种计划的亲本选择研究。
