MSN, RN, Head Nurse, Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, People Republic of China.
BSN, RN, Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, People Republic of China.
J Nurs Res. 2022 Jun 1;30(3):e207. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000492.
Patients in disaster areas require the most urgent assistance. In recent large-scale natural disasters, intensive care nurses have served as an important reserve component of disaster response teams. In disaster nursing, ability and attitude directly affect the quality and effectiveness of disaster rescues. However, few studies have examined the disaster nursing competency of intensive care nurses in China.
This study was designed to describe the current status of disaster nursing competency among intensive care nurses, analyze the related factors affecting the disaster response effectiveness, and evaluate the values of disaster nursing continuing education and training in cultivating professional personnel with disaster emergency rescue competence.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at six tertiary general government hospitals in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. A convenience sampling method was adopted, and the Wenjuanxing website was used to compile the network questionnaire, which participants completed via a WeChat group. Descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses were performed using SPSS software.
The participants in this study included 285 registered intensive care nurses employed at six hospitals in Jinan. Most were female (77.9%), and the mean age was 29.9 years. The mean total disaster nursing ability score was 122.98 (SD = 31.70), and the average scores for each item ranged from 2.78 to 3.70. The incident command system item earned the highest mean score (3.70, SD = 1.22), followed by triage (3.24, SD = 0.93). The biological preparedness item earned the lowest mean score (2.78, SD = 1.04). Being male, being < 30 years old, having an understanding of disaster nursing, having previously participated in disaster emergency simulation drills or training, and having a higher self-evaluation of rescue competence were all associated with higher disaster-nursing knowledge scores. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that understanding of disaster nursing and experience participating in disaster emergency rescue drills or training had the most significant influence on the disaster nursing emergency knowledge score, followed by positive self-evaluation of disaster nursing ability and demand for training.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The findings of this study indicate that the participants had a moderate disaster-nursing competency and that this competency may be improved through disaster-related continuing education and training. The cognitive attitude of disaster nursing was found to correlate positively with self-efficacy. Simulated emergency drills may effectively improve the disaster nursing competency of critical care nurses. The findings emphasize that experiences other than direct clinical practice such as specialized simulated emergency drills and training as well as willingness for such training are stronger factors for identifying and developing overall disaster nursing competency.
灾区的患者最需要紧急援助。在最近的大规模自然灾害中，重症监护护士是灾难应对团队的重要后备力量。在灾难护理中，能力和态度直接影响灾难救援的质量和效果。然而，很少有研究考察中国重症监护护士的灾难护理能力。
本研究旨在描述重症监护护士灾难护理能力的现状，分析影响灾难应对效果的相关因素，并评估灾难护理继续教育和培训在培养具有灾难应急救援能力的专业人员方面的价值。
本横断面研究在中国山东省济南市的六所三级综合公立医院进行。采用便利抽样法，使用 Wenjuanxing 网站编制网络问卷，参与者通过微信群完成。使用 SPSS 软件进行描述性、相关性和回归分析。
本研究的参与者包括六所医院的 285 名注册重症监护护士，均为女性（77.9%），平均年龄为 29.9 岁。灾难护理能力总得分平均为 122.98（SD=31.70），各条目平均得分范围为 2.78-3.70。事件指挥系统条目得分最高（3.70，SD=1.22），其次是分诊（3.24，SD=0.93）。生物准备条目得分最低（2.78，SD=1.04）。男性、年龄<30 岁、了解灾难护理、曾参加过灾难应急模拟演练或培训、自我评估救援能力较高，与灾难护理知识得分较高有关。多元线性回归分析表明，对灾难护理的理解和参与灾难应急救援演练或培训的经验对灾难护理应急知识得分的影响最大，其次是对灾难护理能力的积极自我评价和培训需求。
结论/对实践的意义：本研究结果表明，参与者的灾难护理能力处于中等水平，通过与灾难相关的继续教育和培训可以提高这种能力。对灾难护理的认知态度与自我效能呈正相关。模拟应急演练可以有效提高重症监护护士的灾难护理能力。研究结果强调，除了直接临床实践之外的经验，如专门的模拟应急演练和培训以及对这种培训的意愿，是确定和发展整体灾难护理能力的更强因素。
