Vickram Sundaram, Rohini Karunakaran, Anbarasu Krishnan, Dey Nibedita, Jeyanthi Palanivelu, Thanigaivel Sundaram, Issac Praveen Kumar, Arockiaraj Jesu
Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Jun 1;209(Pt A):951-962. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.079. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
Human male infertility affects approximately 1/10 couples worldwide, and its prevalence is found more in developed countries. Along with sperm cells, the secretions of the prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis plays a major role in proper fertilization. Many studies have proven the functions of seminal vesicle secretions, especially semenogelin protein, as an optimiser for fertilization. Semenogelin provides the structural components for coagulum formation after ejaculation. It binds with eppin and is found to have major functions like motility of sperm, transporting the sperm safely in the immune rich female reproductive tract until the sperm cells reach the egg intact. The capacitation process is essential for proper fertilization and semenogelin involved in mediating capacitation in time. Also, it has control of events towards the first step in the fertilization process. It is a Zn ions binding protein, and Zn ions act as a cofactor that helps in the proper motility of sperm cells. Therefore, any imbalance in protein that automatically affect sperm physiology and fertility status. This review sheds a comprehensive and critical view on the significant functions of semenogelin in fertilization. This review can open up advanced proteomics research on semenogelin towards unravelling molecular mechanisms in fertilization.
全球约有十分之一的夫妇受男性不育问题影响，且在发达国家更为普遍。除精子细胞外，前列腺、精囊和附睾的分泌物在正常受精过程中也起着重要作用。许多研究已证实精囊分泌物的功能，尤其是精液凝胶蛋白，它是受精的优化剂。精液凝胶蛋白为射精后凝块的形成提供结构成分。它与附睾蛋白酶抑制剂结合，具有精子活力、在富含免疫细胞的女性生殖道中安全运输精子直至精子完整到达卵子等主要功能。获能过程对正常受精至关重要，精液凝胶蛋白参与及时介导获能。此外，它还控制受精过程第一步的相关事件。它是一种锌离子结合蛋白，锌离子作为辅助因子有助于精子正常运动。因此，该蛋白的任何失衡都会自动影响精子生理和生育状况。本综述对精液凝胶蛋白在受精中的重要功能进行了全面而批判性的阐述。这篇综述可为精液凝胶蛋白的高级蛋白质组学研究开辟道路，以揭示受精的分子机制。
