国际旅行与旅行者腹泻——增加泌尿道感染风险。
International travel and travelers' diarrhea - Increased risk of urinary tract infection.
机构信息
Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 700, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland; Travel Clinic, Aava Medical Center, Annankatu 32, FI-00100 Helsinki, Finland; Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 700, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland; Travel Clinic, Aava Medical Center, Annankatu 32, FI-00100 Helsinki, Finland; Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022 Jul-Aug;48:102331. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102331. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
BACKGROUND
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most common infections encountered in health care, with an annual incidence of 12% for women. Despite the vast numbers of international travels (over 1.5 billion annually), no prospective studies have had primary focus on UTIs during travel.
METHODS
We recruited in 2008-17 international travelers who all filled out pre- and post-travel questionnaires. Incidence rates of UTI were calculated separately for both sexes. Multivariable analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for UTI during travel.
RESULTS
In total 15/517 (2,9%) travelers acquired UTI during travel, yielding an annual incidence of 62% for female and 18% for male travelers. Travelers' diarrhea (TD) was identified as a factor predisposing to UTI (OR 9.2, 95% CI 1.5-+∞, p = 0.011); all UTI cases were recorded by travelers with TD.
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study with a primary focus on UTI during travel. Our data reveal that among travelers the incidence of UTI far exceeds that reported for the general population. TD was identified as a major risk factor for the infection. Our results suggest TD prevention as a means of also preventing UTI during travel.
背景
尿路感染 (UTI) 是医疗保健中最常见的感染之一，女性的年发病率为 12%。尽管国际旅行人数众多（每年超过 15 亿人），但尚无前瞻性研究将重点放在旅行期间的 UTI 上。
方法
我们于 2008 年至 2017 年招募了所有填写旅行前和旅行后问卷的国际旅行者。分别计算了男女旅行者 UTI 的发病率。进行了多变量分析以确定旅行期间 UTI 的危险因素。
结果
共有 15/517（2.9%）名旅行者在旅行期间发生 UTI，女性旅行者的年发病率为 62%，男性旅行者的年发病率为 18%。旅行者腹泻（TD）被确定为 UTI 的易患因素（OR 9.2，95%CI 1.5-+∞，p=0.011）；所有 UTI 病例均由患有 TD 的旅行者记录。
结论
据我们所知，这是第一项主要关注旅行期间 UTI 的前瞻性研究。我们的数据显示，在旅行者中，UTI 的发病率远远超过一般人群的报告。TD 被确定为感染的主要危险因素。我们的研究结果表明，TD 预防也是预防旅行期间 UTI 的一种手段。
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