Adelirad Fatemeh, Salimi Maryam Moghaddam, Dianat Iman, Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad, Chattu Vijay Kumar, Allahverdipour Hamid
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 14711, Iran.
Department of Physiotherapy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 14711, Iran.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022 Mar 29;12(4):400-416. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe12040029.
Identifying retained activity participation to old age can improve age-related changes in balance and cognition function. Subjects ≥ 60 years were enrolled in this study. Balance and Cognitive function include working memory, executive function, and sustained and divided attention was evaluated with “Fullerton advanced balance”, “n-back”, “Wisconsin card sort”, “sustain and divided attention test”, respectively. In addition, retained activity participation was measured using the Activity Card Sort questionnaire. The univariate and multivariate regression analyses of different domains of retained activity participation were used as independent variables, including instrumental activity, low-effort leisure, high-effort leisure, and social activity on balance and specific domains of cognition. Seventy-seven subjects (65.3 ± 4.4 years, 61% female) were included. About 47% of older adults had a college education, 32.3% had a diploma, and 20.7% had elementary−middle education. These results show that retained instrumental activity had a relationship with working memory (β = 0.079, p < 0.05). In addition, we found that retained high-effort leisure activity can increase balance, divided attention, and executive function score (β = 0.1, β = 0.05, β = 0.02, p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a positive relationship between retained low-effort activity and sustained attention (β = 0.08, p < 0.05). In addition, the coefficient of determination (R2) for balance, working memory, executive function, sustained, and divided attention were 0.45, 0.25, 0.13, 0.11 and 0.18, respectively. The study suggests that retained activity participation types may have various effects on balance and some selective cognitive components in older people.
识别保持到老年的活动参与情况可以改善与年龄相关的平衡和认知功能变化。本研究纳入了年龄≥60岁的受试者。平衡和认知功能包括工作记忆、执行功能以及持续注意力和分散注意力，分别通过“富勒顿高级平衡测试”、“n-back测试”、“威斯康星卡片分类测试”、“持续和分散注意力测试”进行评估。此外，使用活动卡片分类问卷来衡量保持的活动参与情况。将保持的活动参与的不同领域的单变量和多变量回归分析用作自变量，包括工具性活动、低强度休闲活动、高强度休闲活动以及社交活动对平衡和特定认知领域的影响。共纳入了77名受试者（65.3±4.4岁，61%为女性）。约47%的老年人拥有大学学历，32.3%拥有文凭，20.7%拥有中小学学历。这些结果表明，保持的工具性活动与工作记忆有关（β = 0.079，p < 0.05）。此外，我们发现保持的高强度休闲活动可以提高平衡、分散注意力和执行功能得分（β = 0.1，β = 0.05，β = 0.02，p < 0.05）。此外，保持的低强度活动与持续注意力之间存在正相关（β = 0.08，p < 0.05）。此外，平衡、工作记忆、执行功能、持续注意力和分散注意力的决定系数（R2）分别为0.45、0.25、0.13、0.11和0.18。该研究表明，保持的活动参与类型可能对老年人的平衡和一些选择性认知成分有不同影响。
