Breve Frank, Batastini Lisa, LeQuang Jo Ann K, Marchando Gina
Department of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.
Legal Department, Mid Atlantic PharmaTech Consultants, LLC, Ventnor City, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 16;14(3):e23221. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23221. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Many Americans with opioid use disorder (OUD), do not have access to treatment. Mobile narcotic treatment programs are now under new regulations that may make treatment more accessible to more people. These mobile programs can help expand the reach of opioid agonist treatment for OUD, help reduce human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) and hepatitis C in the OUD population, and have retention rates that are often better than those at fixed-site clinics. Mobile services can also help reach marginalized individuals, the homeless, rural communities, and other underserved communities. They may offer methadone or buprenorphine treatment. Such mobile services have been used inside and outside the United States with promising results. In particular, mobile programs can make treatment available to people who do not have insurance, who lack reliable transportation, live in chaotic situations, or may be undomiciled. The potential pairing of mobile programs together with technology, such as smartphone apps or online resources, may allow mobile patients to benefit from counseling as well. Mobile clinics must be attached to a fixed-site narcotic treatment program and may have limitations with respect to the geographic area served. Mobile programs must have policies and procedures to store, transport, deliver, account for, reconcile, and dispose of opioid waste and would be subject to audit. Mobile opioid agonist therapy is an important and innovative service of particular value to underserved communities.
许多患有阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）的美国人无法获得治疗。移动麻醉治疗项目现在受到新规定的约束，这些规定可能会使更多人更容易获得治疗。这些移动项目有助于扩大针对OUD的阿片类激动剂治疗的覆盖范围，有助于降低OUD人群中的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和丙型肝炎感染率，并且其留存率往往高于定点诊所。移动服务还可以帮助覆盖边缘化个体、无家可归者、农村社区以及其他服务不足的社区。它们可能提供美沙酮或丁丙诺啡治疗。此类移动服务在美国国内外都有应用，且效果良好。特别是，移动项目可以为没有保险、缺乏可靠交通工具、生活混乱或可能无家可归的人提供治疗。移动项目与智能手机应用程序或在线资源等技术相结合，可能会使移动患者也能受益于咨询服务。移动诊所必须附属于定点麻醉治疗项目，并且在服务的地理区域方面可能存在限制。移动项目必须有储存、运输、交付、记录、核对和处理阿片类药物废物的政策和程序，并且会接受审计。移动阿片类激动剂疗法对于服务不足的社区来说是一项具有特殊价值的重要创新服务。
