Department of Prosthodontics, Qingdao Campus of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shibei District, No. 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China.
J Healthc Eng. 2022 Apr 11;2022:8661690. doi: 10.1155/2022/8661690. eCollection 2022.
In the era of the growing population, the demand for dental care is increasing at a fast pace for both older and younger people. One of the dental diseases that has attracted significant research is periodontitis. Periodontal therapy aims to regenerate tissues that are injured by periodontal disease. During recent decades, various pioneering strategies and products have been introduced for restoring or regeneration of periodontal deficiencies. One of these involves the regeneration of tissues under guidance using enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) or combinations of these. EMDs are mainly comprised of amelogenins, which is one of the most common biological agents used in periodontics. Multiple studies have been reported regarding the role of EMD in periodontal tissue regeneration; however, the extensive mechanism remains elusive. The EMDs could promote periodontal regeneration mainly through inducing periodontal attachment during tooth formation. EMD mimics biological processes that occur during periodontal tissue growth. During root development, enamel matrix proteins are formed on the root surface by Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cells, initiating the process of cementogenesis. This article reviews the challenges and recent advances in preclinical and clinical applications of EMDs in periodontal regeneration. Moreover, we discuss the current evidence on the mechanisms of action of EMDs in the regeneration of periodontal tissues.
在人口增长的时代，无论是老年人还是年轻人，对牙科护理的需求都在快速增长。牙周病是引起广泛关注的牙科疾病之一。牙周病治疗的目的是再生因牙周病而受损的组织。近几十年来，已经引入了各种开创性的策略和产品来恢复或再生牙周缺陷。其中之一是在引导下使用釉基质衍生物（EMD）或其组合来再生组织。EMD 主要由釉原蛋白组成，它是牙周病学中最常用的生物制剂之一。已经有多项研究报告了 EMD 在牙周组织再生中的作用，但广泛的机制仍不清楚。EMD 主要通过在牙齿形成过程中诱导牙周附着来促进牙周再生。EMD 模拟了牙周组织生长过程中发生的生物学过程。在根发育过程中，釉基质蛋白由 Hertwig 的上皮根鞘细胞在根表面形成，启动牙骨质形成过程。本文综述了 EMD 在牙周再生的临床前和临床应用中面临的挑战和最新进展。此外，我们还讨论了 EMD 在牙周组织再生中作用机制的现有证据。
