Qin Dan-Yi, Wang Li-Xiang, Deng Ying-Ping
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2022 Apr 18;15(4):635-645. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2022.04.18. eCollection 2022.
Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common chronic multifactorial ocular surface diseases with high prevalence and complex pathogenesis. DED results in several ocular discomforts, vision fluctuation, and even potential damage of the ocular surface, bringing heavy burdens both on individuals and the society. The pathology of DED consists of tear film hyperosmolarity and immune responses on the ocular surface. Mice are widely used for developing models that simulate human DED features for investigating its pathogenesis and treatment. DED can be classified into aqueous-deficiency dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE). ADDE can be further divided into Sjögren syndrome dry eye (SSDE) and non-Sjögren syndrome dry eye (NSSDE). SSDE mouse models include natural strains, typified by non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, and genetically engineered ones, like and knockout mice. Intrinsic EDE mainly refers to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Tabby, , are the most common transgenic MGD mouse models. Transgenic mouse models provide useful tools for studying the pathogenesis of DED and evaluating its novel therapies. This review compares the major transgenic dry eye mouse models and discusses their applications in DED research.
干眼疾病（DED）是最常见的慢性多因素眼表疾病之一，患病率高且发病机制复杂。DED会导致多种眼部不适、视力波动，甚至眼表潜在损伤，给个人和社会都带来沉重负担。DED的病理包括泪膜高渗和眼表免疫反应。小鼠被广泛用于建立模拟人类DED特征的模型，以研究其发病机制和治疗方法。DED可分为水液缺乏性干眼（ADDE）和蒸发过强型干眼（EDE）。ADDE可进一步分为干燥综合征干眼（SSDE）和非干燥综合征干眼（NSSDE）。SSDE小鼠模型包括以非肥胖糖尿病（NOD）小鼠为代表的自然品系，以及基因工程小鼠，如 和 基因敲除小鼠。内在型EDE主要指睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）。Tabby、 、 是最常见的转基因MGD小鼠模型。转基因小鼠模型为研究DED的发病机制和评估其新疗法提供了有用的工具。本综述比较了主要的转基因干眼小鼠模型，并讨论了它们在DED研究中的应用。
