University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
Verily Life Sciences, California, USA.
J Pers. 2023 Apr;91(2):314-331. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12721. Epub 2022 May 15.
People differ in how they regulate their emotions, and how they do so is guided by their beliefs about emotion. We propose that social power-one's perceived influence over others-relates to one's beliefs about emotion and to emotion regulation. More powerful people are characterized as authentic and uninhibited, which should translate to the belief that one should not have to control one's emotions and, in turn, less suppression and more acceptance. More powerful people are also characterized as self-efficacious and confident, which should translate to the belief that one can control one's emotions and, in turn, more reappraisal and acceptance.
Two preregistered studies using four samples (N = 1286) tested these hypotheses using cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys as well as diaries.
In Study 1, power related to beliefs about emotion and emotion regulation in hypothesized ways. Study 2 also largely supported the hypotheses: The belief that one should not have to control one's emotions accounted for the links between power and suppression and acceptance, whereas the belief that one can control one's emotions accounted for the link between power and reappraisal.
Power and emotion regulation are interconnected, in part because of their links with beliefs about emotions.
人们在调节情绪方面存在差异，而他们的调节方式则受到他们对情绪的信念的指导。我们提出，社会权力——一个人对他人的感知影响力——与一个人对情绪的信念和情绪调节有关。更有权力的人被认为是真实和无拘无束的，这应该转化为一种信念，即一个人不必控制自己的情绪，从而减少压抑，增加接受。更有权力的人也被认为是自信和有信心的，这应该转化为一种信念，即一个人可以控制自己的情绪，从而增加情绪的再评估和接受。
两项预先注册的研究使用了四个样本（N=1286），通过横断面和纵向调查以及日记来测试这些假设。
在研究 1 中，权力与对情绪和情绪调节的信念以假设的方式相关。研究 2 也在很大程度上支持了这些假设：一个人不必控制自己的情绪的信念解释了权力与压抑和接受之间的联系，而一个人可以控制自己的情绪的信念解释了权力与情绪再评估之间的联系。
权力和情绪调节是相互关联的，部分原因是它们与对情绪的信念有关。
