Department of Neurology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Sleep Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Brain Behav. 2022 May;12(5):e2596. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2596. Epub 2022 Apr 22.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that can cause severe disability and impair the quality of life (QoL).
In the current cross-sectional, case-control study, we investigated personality traits, anxiety and depression levels, in 101 patients in the case group and 202 individuals as a control group. The personality traits of the participants were collected via the Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) questionnaire. We evaluated the level of anxiety and depression based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire.
Our study showed in patients with disease duration above 1 year, the rates of agreement (29.78), anxiety (8.83), and depression level (6.39) were significantly higher than the control group (27.19, 6.47, and 4.97, respectively). Although patients with disease duration below 1 year showed a higher level of agreement and conscientiousness (29.65 and 34.35, respectively) than controls (26.6 and 30.86, respectively). The level of anxiety and depression in patients with a disability index above 4.5 was significantly higher than patients with a disability index below 1. Patients with a disability index below 1 showed a higher rate of extraversion and agreement and conscientiousness (31.47, 31.53, and 35.07, respectively) than controls (25.5, 26.23, and 3033, respectively). In addition, patients with a disability index above 4.5 showed a higher level of agreement (35.64), conscientiousness (35.5), anxiety (9.64), and depression (7.5) than controls (25.96, 30.71, 6.96, and 4.71, respectively).
In conclusion, anxiety and depression levels were much higher among MS patients compared with controls and the severity of these conditions correlate with the score of the disability index. Therefore, a complete comprehension of these conditions by the neurologist could be vital in improving patients' QoL and increasing compliance and adherence to pharmacological therapy.
多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统的慢性脱髓鞘疾病，可导致严重残疾并降低生活质量（QoL）。
在当前的横断面病例对照研究中，我们调查了 101 例病例组和 202 名对照组患者的人格特质、焦虑和抑郁水平。通过神经质-外向性-开放性五因素问卷（NEO-FFI）对参与者的人格特质进行了收集。我们根据医院焦虑和抑郁量表问卷评估了焦虑和抑郁的水平。
我们的研究表明，在疾病病程超过 1 年的患者中，一致性（29.78%）、焦虑（8.83%）和抑郁水平（6.39%）的发生率明显高于对照组（分别为 27.19%、6.47%和 4.97%）。尽管疾病病程低于 1 年的患者的一致性和尽责性水平较高（分别为 29.65%和 34.35%），但仍低于对照组（分别为 26.6%和 30.86%）。残疾指数高于 4.5 的患者的焦虑和抑郁水平明显高于残疾指数低于 1 的患者。残疾指数低于 1 的患者的外向性和一致性及尽责性的发生率明显高于对照组（分别为 31.47%、31.53%和 35.07%）。此外，残疾指数高于 4.5 的患者的一致性（35.64%）、尽责性（35.5%）、焦虑（9.64%）和抑郁（7.5%）水平均高于对照组（分别为 25.96%、30.71%、6.96%和 4.71%）。
总之，与对照组相比，多发性硬化症患者的焦虑和抑郁水平明显更高，而且这些疾病的严重程度与残疾指数的评分相关。因此，神经科医生对这些情况的全面了解可能对改善患者的生活质量、提高患者对药物治疗的依从性和接受性至关重要。
