Hoyt C S, Billson F A
Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1986 Nov;14(4):325-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.1986.tb00467.x.
Optic nerve hypoplasia, having once been regarded as exceedingly rare, is now regarded as one of the major causes of visual loss in infancy. Recognition of subtle forms and segmental forms of optic nerve hypoplasia are important in explaining the evaluation of subnormal vision, and have an added significance in the recognised associations of central nervous system anomalies including abnormalities of the endocrine system. These changing clinical perspectives are reviewed, together with a discussion of the pathogenesis of optic nerve hypoplasia in the light of cell death and nerve fibre degeneration seen in normal development of the neural visual system.
视神经发育不全曾被认为极为罕见，现在则被视为婴儿期视力丧失的主要原因之一。认识视神经发育不全的细微形式和节段性形式对于解释视力低于正常水平的评估很重要，并且在已确认的中枢神经系统异常（包括内分泌系统异常）的关联中具有额外的意义。本文综述了这些不断变化的临床观点，并根据神经视觉系统正常发育过程中所见的细胞死亡和神经纤维退化来讨论视神经发育不全的发病机制。
