Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
Public Health. 2022 Jun;207:7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
This study aimed to explore the socio-economic inequalities in physical activity (PA) based on domains of daily life, such as work, transport, recreation and sedentary life, among Japanese adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This was a cross-sectional study.
This study used data from the 2020 National Sport and Lifestyle Survey, conducted by the Sasakawa Sports Foundation. Data of 2,296 (1,103 women) participants were analysed. PAs were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Educational level and household income were used as indicators of socio-economic status. We calculated the slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII).
We detected absolute and relative inequalities for household income in all PA domains, except for work-related PA. The higher the participants' income, the longer they engaged in transport- and recreation-related PA and sedentary behaviour. Recreation-related PA had a larger disparity than other domains, with SII at 20.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] -28.4 to -13.1) and RII at 0.58 (95% CI 0.47-0.71). At the educational level, each inequality was observed in work- and recreation-related PA and sedentary behaviour. The higher the participants' educational level, the longer they engaged in recreation-related PA and sedentary behaviour. However, work-related PA was longer at lower educational levels, with RII at 1.90 (95% CI 1.48-2.44). The inequality in recreation-related PA was also relatively large (SII 23.3%, 95% CI -30.9 to -15.7; RII 0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.66).
Our study revealed significant socio-economic disparities in each PA domain, particularly in recreational PA. These results suggest a widening gap because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 大流行期间日本成年人日常生活领域（如工作、交通、娱乐和久坐生活）的体力活动（PA）的社会经济不平等。
这是一项横断面研究。
本研究使用了 Sasakawa 体育基金会进行的 2020 年全国体育和生活方式调查的数据。分析了 2296 名（1103 名女性）参与者的数据。使用全球体力活动问卷评估 PA。教育水平和家庭收入用作社会经济地位的指标。我们计算了不平等斜率指数（SII）和相对不平等指数（RII）。
我们发现，除了与工作相关的 PA 之外，家庭收入在所有 PA 领域都存在绝对和相对不平等。参与者的收入越高，他们参与交通和娱乐相关的 PA 和久坐行为的时间就越长。娱乐相关的 PA 差异较大，SII 为 20.8%（95%置信区间 [CI] -28.4 至 -13.1），RII 为 0.58（95% CI 0.47-0.71）。在教育水平方面，工作和娱乐相关的 PA 和久坐行为中都观察到了每个不平等。参与者的教育水平越高，他们参与娱乐相关的 PA 和久坐行为的时间就越长。然而，工作相关的 PA 在较低的教育水平上更长，RII 为 1.90（95% CI 1.48-2.44）。娱乐相关的 PA 不平等也相对较大（SII 23.3%，95% CI -30.9 至 -15.7；RII 0.54，95% CI 0.45-0.66）。
我们的研究揭示了每个 PA 领域，特别是娱乐性 PA 存在显著的社会经济差异。这些结果表明，由于 COVID-19 大流行，差距正在扩大。
