Rana Divya, Dhankhar Sanchit, Chauhan Rupali, Saini Monika, Singh Randhir, Kumar Parveen, Singh Thakur Gurjeet, Chauhan Samrat, Devi Sushma
Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala,, 133206, Haryana, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Jun 9;52(1):570. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10671-4.
The gradual retinal damage caused by chronic hyperglycemia is known as Diabetic retinopathy (DR), and it is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness in adults. The importance of neurotrophic factors in DR pathogenesis has been emphasized by recent studies. In diabetes, several naturally occurring proteins undergo substantial changes that impact neuronal survival, development, and differentiation. A number of neurotrophic factors, such as Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Nerve growth factor (NGF), Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) play interdependent roles in DR, and this review offers a new prospective into these relationships. The processes for downregulating these neurotrophic factors were investigated, together with their altered expression patterns, action mechanisms, and therapeutic target potential, in this review. The crosstalk between neurotrophic factors and inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction in the diabetic retina is elucidated, offering insights into the complex neurovascular interplay in DR. Furthermore, emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating neurotrophic factors to prevent or ameliorate retinal neurodegeneration are discussed. This comprehensive overview underscores the necessity for integrated approaches targeting neurotrophic support to develop effective interventions for diabetic retinopathy.
慢性高血糖引起的渐进性视网膜损伤被称为糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR），它是成年人视力损害和失明的主要原因。近期研究强调了神经营养因子在DR发病机制中的重要性。在糖尿病中，一些天然存在的蛋白质会发生显著变化，这些变化会影响神经元的存活、发育和分化。多种神经营养因子，如脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、神经生长因子（NGF）、睫状神经营养因子（CNTF）、胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子（GDNF）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）在DR中发挥着相互依存的作用，本综述为这些关系提供了新的视角。本综述研究了下调这些神经营养因子的过程，以及它们改变的表达模式、作用机制和治疗靶点潜力。阐明了神经营养因子与糖尿病视网膜中炎症途径、氧化应激和血管功能障碍之间的相互作用，为DR中复杂的神经血管相互作用提供了见解。此外，还讨论了旨在调节神经营养因子以预防或改善视网膜神经变性的新兴治疗策略。这一全面概述强调了针对神经营养支持的综合方法对于开发糖尿病性视网膜病变有效干预措施的必要性。
