Blazy Julia, Blazy Rafał, Drobiec Łukasz
Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Department of Spatial Planning, Urban and Rural Design, Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology, Podchorążych 1, 30-084 Kraków, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Apr 8;15(8):2754. doi: 10.3390/ma15082754.
The article highlights that glass fiber reinforced concretes (GFRC) can meet the requirements of Smart City better than ordinary concretes. The comprehensive discussion on GFRC composition is presented together with the review of glass fibers' influence on various concrete properties. First of all, because of their bridging abilities, they can limit the width, length, and total area of cracks. Additionally, GFRC are characterized by enhanced tensile, flexural, and splitting strength; impact, abrasion, spalling, fire, and freeze-thaw resistance as well as ductility, toughness, and permeability. All of this positively influences the mechanical behavior, durability, and corrosion resistance of concrete elements. Moreover, decreased thermal conductivity allows for better energy performance from the building's point of view. This results in cheaper structures both in manufacturing and maintaining even though GFRC are more expensive materials. However, mechanical properties enhance as long as sufficient workability and uniform fiber distribution are assured. From the environmental point of view, GFRC are eco-friendlier materials than ordinary concretes since their application can decrease the emission of CO by 17%. The article also describes the GFRC application fields and emphasizes the possibility of the creation of not only structural elements mainly intended for load transferring but also elements accompanying the building process, as well as elements of small architecture that make public spaces more attractive, durable, and safer. Owing to greater design and shaping freedom, GFRC can also better fulfill the needs of habitants of Smart City.
文章强调，玻璃纤维增强混凝土（GFRC）比普通混凝土更能满足智慧城市的要求。文中对GFRC的成分进行了全面讨论，并回顾了玻璃纤维对各种混凝土性能的影响。首先，由于它们的桥接能力，可以限制裂缝的宽度、长度和总面积。此外，GFRC具有增强的抗拉、抗弯和劈裂强度；抗冲击、耐磨、抗剥落、防火和抗冻融性能，以及延展性、韧性和渗透性。所有这些都对混凝土构件的力学性能、耐久性和耐腐蚀性产生积极影响。此外，从建筑角度来看，降低的热导率有助于实现更好的能源性能。这使得结构在制造和维护方面成本更低，尽管GFRC是更昂贵的材料。然而，只要确保足够的工作性和均匀的纤维分布，力学性能就会提高。从环境角度来看，GFRC比普通混凝土更环保，因为其应用可减少17%的二氧化碳排放。文章还描述了GFRC的应用领域，并强调不仅可以制造主要用于传递荷载的结构构件，还可以制造建筑过程中的附属构件，以及使公共空间更具吸引力、耐久性和安全性的小型建筑构件。由于具有更大的设计和成型自由度，GFRC还能更好地满足智慧城市居民的需求。
