Liu Guoqian, Yan Changhai, Jin Hua
Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China.
School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Apr 14;15(8):2886. doi: 10.3390/ma15082886.
Ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UHTCs), such as ZrB-based ceramics, are the most promising candidates for ultra-high-temperature applications. Due to their strong covalent bonding and low self-diffusion, ZrB-based UHTCs are always hot-pressed at temperatures above 1800 °C. However, the hot-pressing technique typically produces disks or cylindrical objects limiting to relatively simple geometrical and moderate sizes. Fabrication of complex-shaped ZrB-based UHTC components requires colloidal techniques. This study reviews the suspension dispersion and colloidal processing of ZrB-based UHTCs. The most important issues during the colloidal processing of ZrB-based UHTCs are summarized, and an evaluation of colloidal processing methods of the ZrB-based UHTCs is provided. Gel-casting, a net or near-net colloidal processing technique, is believed to exhibit a great potential for the large-scale industrialization of ZrB-based UHTCs. In addition, additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, which has been drawing great attention recently, has a great potential in the manufacturing of ZrB-based UHTC components in the future.
超高温陶瓷（UHTC），如锆硼基陶瓷，是超高温应用中最有前景的候选材料。由于其强大的共价键和低自扩散性，锆硼基超高温陶瓷通常在1800℃以上的温度下进行热压。然而，热压技术通常只能生产圆盘或圆柱形物体，且形状相对简单、尺寸适中。制造复杂形状的锆硼基超高温陶瓷部件需要采用胶体技术。本研究综述了锆硼基超高温陶瓷的悬浮液分散和胶体加工。总结了锆硼基超高温陶瓷胶体加工过程中最重要的问题，并对锆硼基超高温陶瓷的胶体加工方法进行了评估。凝胶注模是一种净尺寸或近净尺寸的胶体加工技术，被认为在锆硼基超高温陶瓷的大规模工业化生产中具有巨大潜力。此外，增材制造，也称为3D打印，近年来备受关注，在未来锆硼基超高温陶瓷部件的制造中具有巨大潜力。
