School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 12;19(8):4643. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084643.
Transboundary pollution between neighboring regions seriously affects the efficiency of overall environmental governance; however, there are few studies focused on how to estimate the degree of transboundary pollution between different regions. With China as a case study, this article developed a new measurement to estimate the degree of transboundary pollution among regions, and comprehensively investigated the influencing factors of transboundary pollution in China between 2000 and 2013. The results indicate that transboundary pollution effects exist in China. In ascending order, the regions most affected overall by transboundary pollution from polluting enterprises were as follows: eastern region < central region < western region. The reduction in transboundary pollution effects was most prominent for severely polluting enterprises in the eastern and western regions and lightly polluting enterprises in the central region. An analysis of the influencing factors reveals that the regional environmental regulation intensity has a negative feedback effect on the transboundary pollution effects. These findings indicate that polluting enterprises in regions with a low environmental regulation intensity are more inclined to operate in border areas to obtain both the environmental benefits associated with the low local environmental regulation intensity and the market economy benefits associated with neighboring urban regions, thereby aggravating environmental pollution in border areas.
跨界污染严重影响了整体环境治理效率；然而，很少有研究关注如何评估不同地区之间的跨界污染程度。本文以中国为例，开发了一种新的方法来衡量区域间的跨界污染程度，并综合考察了 2000-2013 年中国跨界污染的影响因素。结果表明，中国存在跨界污染效应。受污染企业跨界污染影响最大的地区依次为：东部地区<中部地区<西部地区。东部和西部地区重污染企业以及中部地区轻污染企业的跨界污染效应降幅最为显著。影响因素分析表明，区域环境监管强度对跨界污染效应具有负向反馈作用。这些发现表明，环境监管强度较低地区的污染企业更倾向于在边境地区运营，以获得低本地环境监管强度带来的环境效益和邻近城市地区带来的市场经济效益，从而加剧边境地区的环境污染。
