Involvement of Non-Parental Caregivers in Obesity Prevention Interventions among 0-3-Year-Old Children: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION

We examined the scope of literature including non-parental caregiver involvement in child obesity prevention interventions.

METHODS

We conducted a scoping review following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, including only studies reporting the effect of an intervention on growth, weight, or early childhood obesity risk among children ages 0 to three years, published between 2000 and 2021. Interventions that did not include non-parental caregivers (adults regularly involved in childcare other than parents) were excluded.

RESULTS

Of the 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria, all were published between 2013 and 2020, and most interventions ( = 9) were implemented in the United States. Eight of the 14 interventions purposefully included other non-parental caregivers: five included both parents and non-parental caregivers, and the remaining three included only non-parental caregivers. Most interventions ( = 9) showed no significant impact on anthropometric outcomes. All interventions found improvements in at least one behavioral outcome (e.g., food groups intake ( = 5), parental feeding practices ( = 3), and screen time ( = 2)). This review can inform future interventions that plan to involve non-parental caregivers, which may be beneficial in shaping early health behaviors and preventing obesity early in life.