Pozio Alfonso, Di Carli Mariasole, Aurora Annalisa, Falconieri Mauro, Della Seta Livia, Prosini Pier Paolo
TERIN-PSU-ABI, ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, S. Maria di Galeria, 00123 Rome, Italy.
FSN-TECFIS, ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, S. Maria di Galeria, 00123 Rome, Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Apr 14;12(8):1349. doi: 10.3390/nano12081349.
Activated hard carbons, obtained from the pyrolysis of various waste biomasses, were prepared and characterized for use as the active material for the fabrication of battery electrodes. The preparation consisted of a pyrolysis process, followed by an activation with KOH and a further high-temperature thermal process. TG and DTA were used to discriminate the steps of the activation process, while SEM, XRD, and Raman characterization were employed to evaluate the effects of activation. The activated carbons were tested as electrodes in lithium-sulfur and lithium-ion batteries. The carbonaceous materials coming from cherry stones and walnut shells have proved to be particularly suitable as electrode components. When used as anodes in lithium-ion batteries, both carbons exhibited a high first cycle discharge capacity, which was not restored during the next charge. After the first two cycles, in which there was a marked loss of capacity, both electrodes showed good reversibility. When used as cathodes in lithium-sulfur batteries, both carbons exhibited good catalytic activity against the redox reaction involving sulfur species with good cycle stability and satisfactory Coulombic efficiency.
通过对各种废弃生物质进行热解制备了活性硬碳，并对其进行了表征，以用作制造电池电极的活性材料。制备过程包括热解过程，随后用氢氧化钾进行活化以及进一步的高温热处理。热重分析（TG）和差示热分析（DTA）用于区分活化过程的步骤，而扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼表征则用于评估活化效果。这些活性碳作为锂硫电池和锂离子电池的电极进行了测试。来自樱桃核和核桃壳的碳质材料已被证明特别适合作为电极组件。当用作锂离子电池的阳极时，两种碳都表现出较高的首次循环放电容量，但在随后的充电过程中并未恢复。在前两个循环中容量有明显损失后，两种电极都表现出良好的可逆性。当用作锂硫电池的阴极时，两种碳对涉及硫物种的氧化还原反应都表现出良好的催化活性，具有良好的循环稳定性和令人满意的库仑效率。
