Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Station in Kosewo Górne, 11-700 Mrągowo, Poland.
Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2022 Apr 13;27(8):2511. doi: 10.3390/molecules27082511.
In this study, the influence of the living conditions of red deer (Cervus elaphus) fawns (wild vs. farmed) and effect of the category of free-living animals (fawns vs. does) on the fatty acid (FA) profile of the leg bone marrow was assessed. The composition of FAs in the deer bone marrow was determined by the gas chromatography method. In all groups, oleic acid (18:1 c9) was the most abundant in deer bone marrow and comprised of approximately 37% of total FAs. The bone marrow of young wild deer was characterized by a significantly (p < 0.001) higher fat content and saturated FAs proportion, while farmed fawns contained more moisture (p < 0.005) and fat-free dry matter (p < 0.001), as well as more monounsaturated FAs cis branched-chain FAs and monounsaturated FAs trans (p < 0.001). Although no significant (p > 0.05) differences were found between fawns, in terms of partial sums of PUFA, a significantly (p < 0.001) higher level of the sum of n-3 and n-6 FAs and more favorable n-6/n-3 ratio in the bone marrow of wild fawns were determined. In general, the legs of wild fawns were better prepared for wintering than farmed ones. In turn, comparing the category-related FAs composition in the bone marrow of free-living animals, a more favorable profile was observed in the adult (does) than in the young (fawns) animals, as the bone marrow of the wild does was characterized by significantly (p < 0.001) lower percentages of saturated FAs and a higher percentage of monounsaturated FAs cis.
本研究评估了赤鹿（ Cervus elaphus ）幼鹿（野生与养殖）的生活条件以及自由生活动物（幼鹿与雌鹿）种类对腿部骨髓脂肪酸（FA）谱的影响。采用气相色谱法测定鹿骨髓中 FA 的组成。在所有组中，油酸（18:1 c9）在鹿骨髓中最为丰富，约占总 FA 的 37%。幼鹿的骨髓脂肪含量和饱和 FA 比例明显更高（p<0.001），而养殖幼鹿的水分含量更高（p<0.005），脂肪和无脂干物质含量更低（p<0.001），且顺式支链单不饱和 FA 和反式单不饱和 FA 的含量更高（p<0.001）。尽管在多不饱和 FA 的部分总和方面，幼鹿之间没有显著差异（p>0.05），但野生幼鹿的骨髓中 n-3 和 n-6 FA 的总和显著更高（p<0.001），n-6/n-3 比值更有利。总的来说，野生幼鹿的腿部为越冬做了更好的准备。相反，在比较自由生活动物骨髓中与类别相关的 FA 组成时，在成年（雌鹿）中观察到更有利的图谱，而在幼鹿中则不然，因为野生雌鹿的骨髓中饱和 FA 的百分比显著降低（p<0.001），而单不饱和 FA cis 的百分比更高。
