Razmaitė Violeta, Pileckas Vidmantas, Šiukščius Artūras, Juškienė Violeta
Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, R. Žebenkos 12, 82317 Baisogala, Lithuania.
Foods. 2020 Jul 14;9(7):923. doi: 10.3390/foods9070923.
The objective of the study was to characterize tissue-associated differences in the fatty acid composition of fat in skeletal muscles (loin), . (hind quarter), and (shoulder), and internal organs (i.e., liver, heart, and kidney) from free-living red deer ( females ( = 11) hunted in Lithuania. Skeletal muscles were characterized by lower content of free fat compared with the offal. The highest percentage of saturated fatty acids was found in the liver fat, whereas the lowest percentage was in the heart. Red deer offal showed significantly lower and higher proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to meat, respectively. Higher proportions of oleic fatty acid in the shoulder and hind quarter compared to the loin were the only significant differences between skeletal muscles. The lowest and the highest n-6 polyunsaturated/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6/n-3PUFA) ratio were found in the liver and heart, respectively. More favorable lower atherogenic index and higher hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio found in the offal showed their high nutritional value, however, higher peroxidizability index indicated higher susceptibility to lipid peroxidation compared to skeletal muscles.
本研究的目的是描述来自立陶宛自由放养的马鹿（11只雌性）的骨骼肌（腰部）、后躯和肩部脂肪以及内脏器官（即肝脏、心脏和肾脏）中脂肪的脂肪酸组成的组织相关差异。与内脏相比，骨骼肌的游离脂肪含量较低。肝脏脂肪中饱和脂肪酸的百分比最高，而心脏中的百分比最低。与肉相比，马鹿内脏的单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸比例分别显著较低和较高。肩部和后躯的油酸脂肪酸比例高于腰部，这是骨骼肌之间唯一的显著差异。肝脏和心脏中分别发现了最低和最高的n-6多不饱和脂肪酸/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6/n-3PUFA）比值。内脏中较低的致动脉粥样化指数和较高的降胆固醇/升胆固醇比值表明其具有较高的营养价值，然而，与骨骼肌相比，较高的过氧化值表明其对脂质过氧化的敏感性较高。
