Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
Department of Pharmaceutical Management and Pharmacoeconomics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 22;12(4):e058504. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058504.
To determine the prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among primary school children (6-11 years old) in Thanhhoa city in 2021.
Cross-sectional study.
Seven primary schools in Thanhhoa city, Vietnam.
782 children (and their parents).
Two-stage cluster random sampling was used for selecting children and data were collected from January to February 2021. A self-administrated questionnaire was designed for children and their parents. Children's height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores were computed using the WHO Anthro software V.1.0.4. Data were analysed using R software V.4.1.2. The associations between potential factors and childhood overweight/obesity were analysed through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Variables were selected using the Bayesian Model Averaging method.
The prevalence of overweight/obesity among primary school children in Thanhhoa city was 35.93% (overweight 21.61% and obesity 14.32%). The proportion of overweight girls was nearly equal to that of boys (20.78% and 22.52%, respectively, p=0.6152) while the proportion of boys with obesity was four times as many as that of girls (23.86% and 5.62%, respectively, p<0.0001). Child's sex was the factor significantly associated with childhood overweight/obesity. Boys had double the risk of being overweight/obese than girls (adjusted OR: aOR=2.48, p<0.0001). Other potential factors which may be associated with childhood overweight/obesity included mode of transport to school, the people living with the child, mother's occupation, father's education, eating confectionery, the total time of doing sports, and sedentary activities.
One in every three primary school children in Thanhhoa city were either overweight or obese. Parents, teachers and policy-makers can implement interventions in the aforementioned factors to reduce the rate of childhood obesity. In forthcoming years, longitudinal studies should be conducted to determine the causal relationships between potential factors and childhood overweight/obesity.
确定 2021 年在广义市的小学生（6-11 岁）超重和肥胖的流行率及其相关因素。
横断面研究。
越南广义市的七所小学。
782 名儿童（及其父母）。
使用两阶段聚类随机抽样选择儿童，数据于 2021 年 1 月至 2 月收集。为儿童及其父母设计了一份自填式问卷。测量儿童的身高和体重，并使用世卫组织 Anthro 软件 V.1.0.4 计算体重指数（BMI）-年龄 z 评分。使用 R 软件 V.4.1.2 分析数据。使用贝叶斯模型平均法选择潜在因素与儿童超重/肥胖的关联。
广义市小学生超重/肥胖的患病率为 35.93%（超重 21.61%，肥胖 14.32%）。女孩超重的比例与男孩几乎相等（分别为 20.78%和 22.52%，p=0.6152），而男孩肥胖的比例是女孩的四倍（分别为 23.86%和 5.62%，p<0.0001）。儿童的性别是与儿童超重/肥胖显著相关的因素。男孩超重/肥胖的风险是女孩的两倍（调整后的 OR：aOR=2.48，p<0.0001）。其他可能与儿童超重/肥胖相关的潜在因素包括上学的交通方式、与儿童一起生活的人、母亲的职业、父亲的教育、吃甜食、运动总时间和久坐不动的活动。
广义市每三名小学生中就有一名超重或肥胖。家长、教师和决策者可以针对上述因素实施干预措施，以降低儿童肥胖率。在未来几年，应进行纵向研究，以确定潜在因素与儿童超重/肥胖之间的因果关系。
