Bechtel Laura, Holstege Christopher P
Kaiser Permanente Colorado Health System, 11000 45th Avenue, Denver, CO 80239, USA.
Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Blue Ridge Poison Center, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800699, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0699, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2022 May;40(2):431-441. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2022.01.003. Epub 2022 Apr 5.
When evaluating a potentially poisoned patient, there is no substitute for a thorough history and physical examination. Clues from the examination are generally more likely to be helpful than a "shotgun" laboratory approach that involves indiscriminate testing of blood or urine for multiple agents. When used appropriately, diagnostic tests may be of help in the management of the intoxicated patient. When a specific toxin or even class of toxins is suspected, requesting qualitative or quantitative levels may be appropriate. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of common diagnostic tests in the evaluation of the poisoned patient.
在评估疑似中毒患者时，全面的病史采集和体格检查是无可替代的。体格检查所提供的线索通常比“散弹枪式”的实验室检查方法更有帮助，后者涉及对血液或尿液进行多种毒物的盲目检测。如果使用得当，诊断性检查可能有助于中毒患者的管理。当怀疑存在特定毒素甚至某类毒素时，要求进行定性或定量检测可能是合适的。本综述的目的是探讨常见诊断性检查在中毒患者评估中的作用。
