Gouveia Nayara, Harayashiki Cyntia Ayumi Yokota, Márquez Federico, Lourenço Rafael André, Taniguchi Satie, Castro Italo Braga
Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Rua Maria Máximo 168, Santos, Brazil.
LARBIM - IBIOMAR, CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Bvd. Brown 3051, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Jun;179:113663. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113663. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Alterations in mollusc shells have been proposed contamination biomarkers. We used geometric morphometrics analyses associated with analytical determinations of contaminants to select suitable biological models among species widely distributed on coastal zones. The study was carried out using Lottia subrugosa (herbivore limpet), Crassostrea brasiliana (filter-feeder bivalve), and Stramonita brasiliensis (carnivore gastropod) obtained along a marked contamination gradient at Santos Estuarine System (Brazil). L. subrugosa and S. brasiliensis presented distinct shapes along the gradient, while no significant differences in shell form were seen for C. brasiliana. Indeed, limpets and snails presented morphometric parameters consistent with measured contamination levels hazardous substances. Based on cross-validation models, the reliability of morphometric responses was over 75% for the herbivore and carnivore species. In addition, for S. brasiliensis, a 95.2% confidence was detected in most contaminated sites. Therefore, shell alterations on carnivorous gastropods should be further investigated, seeking to be effectively employed as pollution biomarkers.
软体动物贝壳的变化已被提议作为污染生物标志物。我们运用几何形态测量学分析，并结合污染物的分析测定，以便在广泛分布于沿海地区的物种中挑选合适的生物学模型。该研究使用了在巴西桑托斯河口系统沿显著污染梯度采集的细纹钟螺（草食性帽贝）、巴西蚶（滤食性双壳贝类）和巴西织纹螺（肉食性腹足类动物）。细纹钟螺和巴西织纹螺在污染梯度上呈现出不同的形状，而巴西蚶的贝壳形态未见显著差异。实际上，帽贝和蜗牛呈现出的形态测量参数与所测有害物质的污染水平相符。基于交叉验证模型，草食性和肉食性物种形态测量反应的可靠性超过75%。此外，对于巴西织纹螺，在大多数污染严重的地点检测到95.2%的置信度。因此，应进一步研究肉食性腹足类动物贝壳的变化，以期有效地用作污染生物标志物。
