1. Department of Preventive Health Care, Huai'an Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu Province, China.
2. School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2022 Feb 25;51(1):10-18. doi: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0120.
To analyze the incidence, trends and related factors of birth defects in Huai'an from 2008 to 2020.
The surveillance data from maternal and child health system of Huai'an from 2008 to 2020 and Huai'an Statistical Yearbook were used for analysis. Taking the annual change percentage and average annual change percentage (AAPC) as the main outcome indicators, the JoinPoint regression analysis was performed to estimate the changing trend of birth defects from 2008 to 2020. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the association between birth defects and birth rate, marriage rate, proportion of women with advanced maternal age.
During 2008 to 2020, a total of 3414 cases of neonatal birth defects occurred in Huai'an, with an incidence of 4.6‰ (3414/736 608). The rate of perinatal birth defects in Huai'an showed an increasing trend (AAPC=8.8%, =3.2, <0.01), and the year of 2016 was a significant changing point. Among 24 types of birth defects, the incidence of congenital heart disease rose and became the most prevalent defect, while the incidence of neural tube malformations such as anencephaly, encephalocele and spina bifida was declined. The incidence of birth defect was negatively correlated with the birth rate ( =-0.751, <0.01), not correlated with marriage rate ( =-0.516, >0.05), and positively correlated with the proportion of women with advanced maternal age ( =0.726, <0.01).
The incidence of birth defects in Huai'an shows an increasing trend from 2008 to 2020 with congenital heart disease as the most common type of birth defect, and the increase of birth defects incidence is closely related with the increase of the proportion of women with advanced maternal age.
分析 2008 年至 2020 年淮安出生缺陷的发生率、趋势及相关因素。
利用 2008 年至 2020 年淮安妇幼卫生监测系统和《淮安统计年鉴》资料进行分析。以年度变化百分比和平均年度变化百分比（AAPC）为主要观察指标，采用 JoinPoint 回归分析估计 2008 年至 2020 年出生缺陷的变化趋势。采用 Spearman 相关分析出生缺陷与出生率、初婚率、高龄产妇比例的关系。
2008 年至 2020 年，淮安市共发生新生儿出生缺陷 3414 例，发生率为 4.6‰（3414/736608）。淮安市围产儿出生缺陷率呈上升趋势（AAPC=8.8%，=3.2，<0.01），2016 年为显著变化点。24 种出生缺陷中，先天性心脏病的发病率上升，成为最常见的缺陷，而无脑儿、脑膨出和脊柱裂等神经管畸形的发病率下降。出生缺陷发生率与出生率呈负相关（=−0.751，<0.01），与初婚率不相关（=−0.516，>0.05），与高龄产妇比例呈正相关（=0.726，<0.01）。
2008 年至 2020 年，淮安市出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势，以先天性心脏病为最常见类型，出生缺陷发生率的增加与高龄产妇比例的增加密切相关。
