Smagge Bente A, van der Velde Laura A, Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C
Department of Public Health and Primary Care/LUMC-Campus the Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, The Hague, Netherlands.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 6;10:838355. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.838355. eCollection 2022.
In the Netherlands, the neighbourhood food environment has received little attention in initiatives to combat overweight/obesity. This study maps the food environment around primary schools in The Hague, The Netherlands, and examines associations between neighbourhood disadvantage, the school food environment and childhood overweight using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Linear regression analyses were performed to test the association between schools' disadvantage scores (proxy for neighbourhood disadvantage) and relative fast-food density within 400 m and 1000 m and fast-food proximity. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to test the association between the school food environment and overweight prevalence among children in the respective sub-district in which the schools is found. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for the schools' disadvantage scores. Results show that fast-food outlets were available around most primary schools. Schools in disadvantaged neighbourhoods were closer to and surrounded by a higher number of fast-food restaurants, grillrooms and kebab shops. On the sub-district level, the density of such fast-food outlets was associated with overweight prevalence among children. These findings highlight the importance of national and local policies to improve the food environment, particularly in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.
在荷兰，社区食物环境在应对超重/肥胖问题的举措中很少受到关注。本研究绘制了荷兰海牙市小学周边的食物环境图，并使用地理信息系统（GIS）研究社区劣势、学校食物环境与儿童超重之间的关联。进行线性回归分析以检验学校劣势得分（社区劣势的代理指标）与400米和1000米范围内的相对快餐密度以及快餐距离之间的关联。使用单变量和多变量线性回归分析来检验学校食物环境与所在子区域内儿童超重患病率之间的关联。多变量分析对学校劣势得分进行了调整。结果表明，大多数小学周边都有快餐店。处于劣势社区的学校距离更多的快餐店、烧烤店和烤肉串店更近且被其环绕。在子区域层面，此类快餐店的密度与儿童超重患病率相关。这些发现凸显了国家和地方政策改善食物环境的重要性，尤其是在劣势社区。
