Ali Rawan I, Suliman Awadia G, Abdelrahim Ahmed, Gameraddin Moawia
Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Radiology Science and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, SDN.
Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 13;14(3):e23119. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23119. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health problem that is becoming more prevalent worldwide. This study aimed to assess hemodynamic and morphological parameters in diabetic patients' foot arteries and compare them to those obtained in asymptomatic control group.
This is a cross-sectional case-control study. B-mode ultrasound, color Doppler, and pulse wave Doppler were conducted to assess the dorsalis pedis arteries (DPAs) and posterior tibial arteries (PTAs). The morphological, total vascular diameter, wall thickness, and flow Doppler indices were measured. A total of 200 hundred participants were selected randomly using a random sampling technique. One hundred diabetic patients and 100 non-diabetic persons were determined.
In diabetic patients, the overall grayscale diameter and wall thickness of foot arteries were statistically significantly larger than the asymptomatic group in the right DPA (p<0.01), left DPA (p<0.001), right PTA (p<0.001), and left PTA (p<0.001). In the diabetic group, the level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was positively correlated with blood flow resistive index (RI) in the right DPA (r=0.839; p<0.001), left DPA (r=0.801; p<0.001), right PTA (r=0.801; p<0.001), and left PTA (r=0.801; p<0.001). No significant differences were noted in both groups in blood flow Doppler parameters - pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI).
Overall grayscale diameters of foot arteries are larger in the diabetes group than in the control group, indicating arterial wall thickening as an early indicator of diabetes-related alterations. PI of both DPA and RI of right DPA were increased in diabetic patients more than the control group. The level of glycosylatedhemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was strongly linked with the blood flow resistive index in diabetes patients.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一个重大的健康问题，在全球范围内日益普遍。本研究旨在评估糖尿病患者足部动脉的血流动力学和形态学参数，并将其与无症状对照组的参数进行比较。
这是一项横断面病例对照研究。采用B型超声、彩色多普勒和脉冲波多普勒对足背动脉（DPA）和胫后动脉（PTA）进行评估。测量形态学、总血管直径、壁厚和血流多普勒指数。使用随机抽样技术随机选取了200名参与者。确定了100名糖尿病患者和100名非糖尿病患者。
在糖尿病患者中，足部动脉的总体灰度直径和壁厚在右侧DPA（p<0.01）、左侧DPA（p<0.001）、右侧PTA（p<0.001）和左侧PTA（p<0.001）方面在统计学上显著大于无症状组。在糖尿病组中，糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平与右侧DPA（r=0.839；p<0.001）、左侧DPA（r=0.801；p<0.001）、右侧PTA（r=0.801；p<0.001）和左侧PTA（r=0.801；p<0.001）的血流阻力指数（RI）呈正相关。两组在血流多普勒参数——搏动指数（PI）和阻力指数（RI）方面均未发现显著差异。
糖尿病组足部动脉的总体灰度直径大于对照组，表明动脉壁增厚是糖尿病相关改变的早期指标。糖尿病患者双侧DPA的PI和右侧DPA的RI均高于对照组。糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平与糖尿病患者的血流阻力指数密切相关。
