He Qizhi, Tong Hao, Liu Jia-Bao
School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Statistical Data Engineering Technology and Application, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Apr 6;13:843854. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.843854. eCollection 2022.
Based on the Chinese General Social Survey database (2010-2015), this article explores the relationship between income inequality and residents' subjective well-being from the perspective of inequality of opportunity and inequality of effort. We find that inequality of opportunity has a negative impact on subjective well-being in China, where inequality of effort has a positive impact. Our empirical results are robust for changing the inequality indicators. In the sub-sample studies, consistent conclusions are obtained in rural areas, whereas in urban areas only inequality of effort has a significant impact. The results of mechanism study show that inequality of opportunity decreases residents' sense of fairness, and inequality of effort increases residents' sense of fairness, thus affecting their subjective well-being. The results of this study provide a good response to the inconclusive research findings on the impact of income inequality on subjective well-being.
基于中国综合社会调查数据库（2010 - 2015），本文从机会不平等和努力不平等的视角探讨收入不平等与居民主观幸福感之间的关系。我们发现，机会不平等对中国的主观幸福感有负面影响，而努力不平等有正面影响。我们的实证结果在改变不平等指标时具有稳健性。在子样本研究中，农村地区得出了一致的结论，而在城市地区只有努力不平等有显著影响。机制研究结果表明，机会不平等降低居民的公平感，努力不平等增加居民的公平感，从而影响他们的主观幸福感。本研究结果很好地回应了关于收入不平等对主观幸福感影响的不确定研究发现。
